What is meant by petroleum refinery?

An oil refinery is an industrial plant that transforms, or refines crude oil into various usable petroleum products such as diesel, gasoline and heating oils. The first step in the refining process is distillation, where crude oil is heated at extreme temperatures to separate the different hydrocarbons.

What is distillate in a refinery?

Distillate is a term used to refer both to the atmospheric gasoil cut from atmospheric distillation, and to a range of light products ranging from kerosene to diesel. Generally, the distillate products are considered to include: Diesel. Heating oil. Industrial gasoil (IGO)

What are the different types of refinery?

There are four types of refineries – topping, hydro-skimming, conversion, and deep conversion refineries. Depending on the market a refiner is aiming at, each refinery has its unique design to ensure their production conforms to their host country’s set standards.

What is a chemical refinery?

Oil refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is transformed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum, naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, kerosene, jet fuel and fuel oils. …

What kind of terminology does a refinery use?

Some of Refinery Terminology are as follows: Hydrocarbon liquid or gas refining process to remove impurities by dissolving the impurities into an absorbent (usually liquid) so that the impurities are absorbed in the absorbent. Refinery product which is the result of diesel and gas oil blending. It is simply called as diesel oil.

What happens to crude oil in the refining process?

Crude oil in its raw state is of little or no value until we take it through the refining processes and transform it into various usable products. The advent of oil refinery cum petroleum refining has brought about major changes in global industrialization and developments.

Which is better a topping refinery or a refining plant?

Constructed primarily for preparing raw materials for manufacturing petrochemicals as well as industrial fuels, a topping refinery serves better in areas where there are less refining regulations. A refining plant with no processing units to reduce sulfur levels, this type of refining plant produces large quantities of unfinished oil.

What makes a refinery a deep conversion refinery?

A Deep Conversion refinery is a combination os all components of a conversion refinery, and an additional unit known as the coking unit. The cooking unit makes it possible to treat and convert extremely heavy crude oil fractions into lighter products.