What did Otto von Guericke discover?

A politician, physicist, engineer, and natural philosopher, von Guericke invented the world’s first air pump in 1650. By performing and interpreting some pioneering vacuum experiments, he made important contributions to the basic principles of the physics of fluids and gases.

Where was Otto Guericke born?

Magdeburg, Germany
Otto von Guericke/Place of birth

What is the cause of atmospheric pressure write a short note on Otto von Guericke experiment?

These hemispheres were then tried to pull apart from each other by the force of horses. But the air pressure on outside of combined hemispheres were much greater than the air pressure inside them. Thus the hemispheres were unable to seperate from each other. In this way, he demonstrated the experiment of air pressure.

Why did von Guericke believe he had made a vacuum?

As we’ll see, Guericke believed, with good reason, that space is a vacuum. He explained that in his “horses and hemispheres” experiment, the horses could not pull the hemispheres apart because the weight of the whole sky was pushing them together. He explained how this finite weight could be calculated.

Why were the horse unable to pull apart the Magdeburg hemispheres?

The Magdeburg hemispheres are a pair of large copper hemispheres, with mating rims. When the rims were sealed with grease and the air was pumped out, the sphere contained a vacuum and could not be pulled apart by teams of horses in a famous first public demonstration in 1654.

Why do Magdeburg hemispheres stick together?

So how do the spheres stay together? Simply put: atmospheric pressure! A suction cup gets its sticking force by the same action as the Magdeburg hemispheres: when one pushes the cup against a smooth wall, one forces the air out of the cup, allowing atmospheric pressure to hold it to the wall.

Does pressure increase with height?

Atmospheric pressure decreases as the height of a surface above ground level increases. This is because, as the altitude increases: This is why aircraft that fly at high altitudes must be pressurised.

How do you calculate the atmospheric pressure?

Atmospheric pressure is the pressure caused by the mass of our gaseous atmosphere. It can be measured using mercury in the equation atmospheric pressure = density of mercury x acceleration due to gravity x height of column of mercury.

What is atm in SI units?

The International System of Units (SI) is the basis of the modern metric system. The unit of pressure in the SI system is the pascal (Pa), defined as a force of one Newton per square meter. The conversion between atm, Pa, and torr is as follows: 1 atm = 101325 Pa = 760 torr.

Is pressure directly proportional to height?

Pressure at a point in a liquid is inversely proportional to the height of the liquid column.

What is the relationship between depth and pressure?

Pressure and depth have a directly proportional relationship. This is due to the greater column of water that pushes down on an object submersed. Conversely, as objects are lifted, and the depth decreases, pressure is reduced.

What did John Guericke study at the University?

In the years 1619 and 1620 Guericke studied metaphysics at the Academia Julia in Helmstedt. His father died in 1620 and Guericke returned home for a few weeks. From 1621-1623 Guericke studied law at the University of Jena.

Who was the emperor when Guericke invented the vacuum pump?

In 1654, Guericke demonstrated his vacuum pumps to Emperor Ferdinand III, who was thoroughly impressed. The emperor asked Guericke to repeat his demonstrations for university professors, who were likewise impressed. Guericke showed them how his pumps allowed him to find the weight of air in a vessel.

When did Guericke demonstrate the power of air pressure?

The tremendous force that air pressure exerts was thus first demonstrated. Guericke, Otto von; air pressure experimentOtto von Guericke’s demonstration of the power of air pressure, Regensburg, 1654.

When did John Guericke get married to Margarethe Alemann?

After travelling through France and England, Guericke came back to Magdeburg in 1626. He then got married to Margarethe Alemann, who was the daughter of a local politician. Guericke himself became actively involved in local politics and was elected in 1627 to the city council.