What is the mechanism of drug release?

There are many mechanisms by which the drug release can be controlled in a system: dissolution, diffusion, osmosis, partitioning, swelling, erosion, and targeting. They are dependent on the particular application and may act simultaneously or at different stages of a process of delivery.

What is drug release kinetics?

“It is a process by which a drug leaves a drug product. & is subjected to ADME & eventually becoming. available for pharmacological action.” It involves the study of drug release rate, dissolution. /diffusion/erosion studies and the study of factors.

What is Higuchi model in drug release?

Simplified Higuchi model describes the release of drugs from insoluble matrix as a square root of time dependent process based on Fickian diffusion Equation. The data obtained were plotted as cumulative percentage drug release versus square root of time. The slope of the plot gives the Higuchi dissolution constant KH.

How many types of drug release?

Types of MR drug products include delayed release (eg, enteric coated), extended release (ER), and orally disintegrating tablets (ODT).

What do you mean by drug release kinetics?

WHAT DO MEAN BY DRUG RELEASE KINETICS? o “Drug release kinetics is application of mathematical models to drug release process.” 34/19/2016 sagar kishor savale 4. Drug release form matrix Drug diffusion from the non-degraded polymer (diffusion-controlled system).

Why are kinetic models important in drug development?

There are number of kinetic models, which described the overall release of drug from the dosage forms. Because qualitative and quantitative changes in a formulation may alter drug release and in vivo performance, developing tools that facilitate product development by reducing the necessity of bio-studies is always desirable.

Which is the best model for drug release?

HIGUCHI MODEL 45. The in vitro release data were applied to various kinetics models to predict the drug release mechanism and kinetics.

How does a controlled release system control drug release?

In other words, they are able to exert a control on the drug release rate and duration (3). For this purpose, generally, controlled release system initially release part of the dose contained in order to attain rapidly the effective therapeutic concentration of the drug.

What are the ways used to control the drug release?

Drug release from stimuli-responsive nanocarriers is controlled by internal or external stimuli such as temperature, pH, ionic strength, sound, and electric or magnetic fields (Abouelmagd et al.). As it is possible to localize the stimuli, these carriers have been explored for target-specific drug delivery.

What affects drug release?

In general, two major factors control drug release from swelling controlled matrix systems. [9,15] These include: (i) the rate of aqueous medium infiltration into the matrix, followed by a relaxation process (hydration, gelation, or swelling); and (ii) the rate of matrix erosion.

Why drug release is important?

Drug-release behavior is an important factor for polymer nanoparticle application, directly related to drug stability and therapeutic results, as well as formulation development. If the diffusion of the drug is faster than matrix degradation, the mechanism of drug release occurs mainly by diffusion.

What are three methods of drug delivery?

Routes of Delivery Medications can be taken in a variety of ways—by swallowing, by inhalation, by absorption through the skin, or by intravenous injection. Each method has advantages and disadvantages, and not all methods can be used for every medication.

What are the 4 drug delivery methods?

Current research on drug delivery systems can be described in four broad categories: routes of delivery, delivery vehicles, cargo, and targeting strategies. Medications can be taken in a variety of ways—by swallowing, by inhalation, by absorption through the skin, or by intravenous injection.

What is delayed release formulation?

2.2 Delayed release formulations. Delayed drug release is commonly achieved via enteric coating of dosage forms such as tablets, capsules and multiparticulates [6, 7]. Typically, enteric coatings are pH activated, wherein they are insoluble at low pH but dissolved readily at higher pH (e.g., pH 5–7) [8].

What is drug release?

Drug release is a phenomenon controlled by diffusion or dissolution or both. Generally, diffusion-controlled drug release is predicted by Higuchi (1963) square root of time model.

What are 5 ways drugs enter the body?

For example, there are five methods of drug abuse which allow drugs to enter the body: swallowing, smoking, snorting, through suppositories and injecting.

What is delayed release system?

Delayed-release dosage forms can be defined as systems which are formulated to release the active ingredient at a time other than immediately after administration. be achieved using sustained- or controlled-release drug delivery systems.