Which is the most common type of genetic inherited diabetes?

The two most common forms of diabetes are type 1 diabetes (T1D, previously known as insulin- dependent diabetes or IDDM) and type 2 diabetes (T2D, previously known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes or NIDDM). Both are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors.

What is Wolfram syndrome?

Summary. Wolfram syndrome is an inherited condition that is typically associated with childhood-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and progressive optic atrophy. In addition, many people with Wolfram syndrome also develop diabetes insipidus and sensorineural hearing loss.

Is diabetes mellitus genetic or hereditary?

Diabetes is a hereditary disease, which means that the child is at high risk of developing diabetes compared to the general population at the given age. Diabetes can be inherited from either mother or father.

What is Wolcott Rallison syndrome?

Wolcott-Rallison syndrome (WRS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease, characterized by neonatal/early-onset non-autoimmune insulin-requiring diabetes associated with skeletal dysplasia and growth retardation.

What are the genetic causes of type 2 diabetes?

Monogenic causes of type 2 diabetes (eg, those causing maturity onset diabetes of the young) represent only a small fraction of cases, and commonly inherited polymorphisms individually contribute only small degrees of risk for, or protection from, diabetes. Most of the genetic risk for type 2 diabetes results from complex polygenic risk factors.

Is there genetic overlap between diabetes and microvascular diabetes?

A moderate genetic component and significant genetic overlap exists for diabetes and microvascular and macrovascular diabetes complications. Large biobanks and aggregation of diabetes cohorts have more than doubled the number of genetic associations with diabetes and diabetes complications discovered in genome-wide association studies.

Why are HLA haplotypes associated with Type 1 diabetes?

Certain HLA haplotypes are associated with a higher risk of developing type 1 diabetes, with particular combinations of HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DRB1 gene variations resulting in the highest risk. These haplotypes seem to increase the risk of an inappropriate immune response to beta cells.

Are there genetic determinants of diabetes complications?

Early research aimed at identifying genetic determinants of diabetes complications relied on familial linkage analysis suited to strong-effect loci, candidate gene studies prone to false positives, and underpowered genome-wide association studies limited by sample size.