What does wire looping of capillaries mean?

“Wire-loop lesion” is a term typically used in the context of proliferative lupus nephritis and refers to large immune complex deposits in the glomerular capillary walls that impart a glassy, hypereosinophilic appearance on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain [6].

How is SLE nephritis diagnosed?

Lupus nephritis is diagnosed through urine and blood tests and a kidney biopsy.

What is class V lupus nephritis?

Class V. Class V is defined as membranous lupus nephritis (Figure 9) with global or segmental continuous granular subepithelial immune deposits, often with concomitant mesangial immune deposits. Any degree of mesangial hypercellularity may occur in class V.

How does diffuse proliferative nephritis affect the glomeruli?

Most of the glomeruli show endothelial and mesangial proliferation, affecting the entire glomerulus, leading to diffuse hypercellularity of the glomeruli, producing in some cases epithelial crescents that fill Bowman’s space.

Which is the only nephrotic syndrome on LM?

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis has a “tram-track” appearance on LM. Diabetic glomerulonephritis is the only other answer that is a nephrotic syndrome, the rest are nephritic syndromes. This image shows apple-green birefringence with Congo-red stain on light microscopy.

Which is nephritic syndrome has ” tram-track ” appearance on light microscopy?

Alport syndrome is a type IV collagen defect that leads to eyesight changes, deafness, and nephrotic syndrome. Which nephrotic syndrome has a “tram-track” appearance on light microscopy?

How is mesangial proliferation caused by activated platelets?

Mesangial proliferation is caused by activated platelets. Another mechanism involves antibodies formed against alpha-3 chain of collagen IV. Their deposition occurs in the sub-epithelial spaces. This causes proteinuria by damaging the basement membrane and creating a loss of negative charge.

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