Do footnotes have punctuation?

Footnote or endnote numbers in the text should follow punctuation, and preferably be placed at the end of a sentence.

Do references come before or after punctuation?

The reference is placed immediately after the statement to which it relates. If this happens to be at the end of a sentence the closing parenthesis precedes the closing point (but a reference at the end of a displayed quotation follows the closing punctuation).

Does the footnote go inside or outside the quotation mark?

Both footnotes and endnotes require that a superscript number be placed wherever documentation is necessary. The number should be as near as possible to whatever it refers to, following the punctuation (such as quotation marks, a comma, or a period) that appears at the end of the direct or indirect quotation.

How do you use footnotes in a paper?

Footnotes. A footnote is a reference placed at the bottom of a page or footer. They are referenced in the text in the same way as a citation i.e. the referenced text is followed by a superscript numeral (1), which corresponds to the numbered footnote at the bottom of the page.

What punctuation mark is used in reference list?

Punctuation in reference list entries

• Ensure that a period appears after each reference element—that is, after the author, date, title, and source.
• Use punctuation marks (usually commas or parentheses) between parts of the same reference element.
• Do not use a comma between the journal volume and issue numbers.

Is punctuation a mark?

English Language Learners Definition of punctuation mark : any one of the marks (such as a period, comma, or question mark) used to divide a piece of writing into sentences, clauses, etc.

What are the types of footnotes?

There are three main styles for footnotes used in writing today, and each has a slightly different way of making a footnote: APA (American Psychological Association), MLA (Modern Language Association), and Chicago Manual.

What are the types of footnote?

What are footnotes and how do you use them?

A footnote is a notation at the bottom of the page in a printed document. Footnotes are usually presented in smaller print than the dominant text, and they are used for a variety of purposes. The “foot” part refers to the fact that the notation is located in the “footer” or “bottom” of the document.

Do footnoting superscripts go inside or outside punctuation?

If you need more than one footnote, place the other footnote at the end of the sentence clause it relates to, outside the closing punctuation. The only exception is if the sentence is broken up by a long dash, in which case, the superscript number goes before the beginning of the dash.

Do footnotes go inside or outside period?

Although, according to the Chicago Manual of Style (Rule 16.25), it is proper to place the superscript footnote inside the semicolon and colon but outside the comma and period, some (very few) biomedical publishers don’t like that foolish inconsistency: they demand that all superscript footnotes be outside the.

Do footnotes go outside of parentheses?

A footnote callout should only be placed inside of a set of parentheses if it directly pertains to the material inside. There should not be a space before a footnote callout, and a footnote callout should never occur in a heading. For example: