What is spin-polarized current?

Spin polarization is the degree to which the spin, that is, the intrinsic angular momentum of elementary particles, is aligned with a given direction. This property may pertain to the spin, hence to the magnetic moment, of conduction electrons in ferromagnetic materials giving rise to spin-polarized currents.

How to measure spin polarization?

The spin polarization has been experimentally determined by using junctions of ferromagnet/Al/superconductor, or by analyzing the tunneling spectrum obtained using point contacts [124–130]. Measured values of the spin polarization are shown in Table 2.3.

What is polarization in NMR?

In nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies, a strong magnetic field is used to partially polarize the nuclear spins. Taking protons as the most common example, the excess of proton spin in the direction of the magnetic field constitutes a small net magnetization of the material.

What is spin galvanic effect?

The spin galvanic effect (SGE) describes the conversion of a nonequilibrium spin polarization into a transverse charge current. Recent experiments have demonstrated a large conversion efficiency for the two-dimensional electron gas formed at the interface between two insulating oxides, LaAlO3 and SrTiO3.

How is spin polarization related to the magnetic moment?

Spin polarization is the degree to which the spin, that is, the intrinsic angular momentum of elementary particles, is aligned with a given direction. This property may pertain to the spin, hence to the magnetic moment, of conduction electrons in ferromagnetic materials giving rise to spin-polarized currents.

How are spin and charge currents affected by Spin?

Basic Transport equations Spin and charge currents Spin drain Non-magnetic metals Ferromagnetic metals Semiconductors (Basic) Threshold spin current Spin gain/damping Spin Relaxation Spin Hall/ Inverse Spin Hall effects electron-electron interaction Spin Links Transverse MO effect Introduction Experimental observation of transverse MO effect

What are the transport equations for spin polarized electrons?

Introduction Basic Transport equations Spin and charge currents Spin drain Non-magnetic metals Ferromagnetic metals Semiconductors (Basic) Threshold spin current Spin gain/damping Spin Relaxation Spin Hall/ Inverse Spin Hall effects electron-electron interaction Spin Links Transverse MO effect Introduction

How is spin polarization detected in a semiconductor?

Spin polarization in a semiconductor can be detected optically or electrically. The optical detection technique is used in spin LEDs and spin lasers, while the spin-based electronic devices use electrical detection. In optical detection, spin-polarized electrons radiatively recombine with unpolarized holes emitting circularly polarized light.