What is oxygen balance in explosive?

Oxygen balance (OB, or OB%) is an expression that is used to indicate the degree to which an explosive can be oxidized. The procedure for calculating oxygen balance in terms of 100 grams of the explosive material is to determine the number of moles of oxygen that are excess or deficient for 100 grams of a compound.

What is oxygen balance and calculate the oxygen balance of TNT?

C,H,M&O are the number of moles of carbon, hydrogen, metal and oxygen in the balanced reaction and MW is the molecular weight of oxygen (= 16 g/mol) or the explosive. Example- find the oxygen balance for TNT. OB = -(100 %)(16/227)[2(7) + 5/2 – 6] = -72%

Does TNT have a positive oxygen balance?

6). Thus, despite its reputation as an explosive, TNT is only efficient in the presence of an external oxidant, which may be air or another compound that provides a positive oxygen balance.

Does TNT need oxygen to explode?

TNT is explosive for two reasons: TNT is composed of the elements carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. When TNT explodes it forms several covalent gases: CO, CO2 and N2 that are very stable.

How is oxygen balanced in the atmosphere explain it?

Photosynthesis – plants produce their own food in the form of glucose using the process of photosynthesis. This process uses sunlight (and so only occurs during the day) to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen.

How is the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide maintained in the atmosphere?

The balance of oxygen and carbondioxide is maintained in the atmosphere by the oxygen released by plants during photosynthesis and carbondioxide released by human,animals etc. in the atmosphere. The balance of oxygen and carbondioxide is made due to respreration and photosinthesis.

What is the percentage of oxygen balanced in air?

By volume, dry air contains 78.08% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases. Air also contains a variable amount of water vapor, on average around 1% at sea level, and 0.4% over the entire atmosphere.

What is C4 made of?

C4 is composed of RDX (91%), dioctyl sebacate (5.3%), polyisobutylene (2.1%), and mineral/motor oil (1.6%) [1].

What is the blast radius of TNT?

In contrast, the lethal blast radius for a car containing 455 kg of TNT is 60 meters, with a serious injury range of over 500 meters. Massive explosives, such as fuel trucks, increase the lethal blast range to 150 meters, with the range for serious injury extended to approximately 2,000 meters (Table 7-2).

How is the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide maintained in air?

How is the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide maintained in the atmosphere Class 6?

Balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in atmosphere is maintained by: Hint: Plants take up carbon dioxide in the process of synthesis, and give out oxygen. Humans,animals and plants require oxygen for respiration and give out carbon dioxide. The total balance can be maintained by constant regulation in these values.

How is the oxygen balance in TNT determined?

This oxygen balance can be defined as the amount of oxygen, expressed in weight percent, liberated as a result of the complete conversion of the explosive material to carbon dioxide, water, sulfur dioxide, aluminium oxide, etc. When detonation of TNT (C 7 H 5 N 3 O 6) takes place the explosive is oxidized to form gaseous products.

Which is better for oxygen ammonium nitrate or TNT?

Oxygen balance. In actual practice a mixture of 80% ammonium nitrate and 20% TNT by weight yields an oxygen balance of +1%, the best properties of all mixtures, and an increase in strength of 30% over TNT.

How is the oxygen balance of an explosive determined?

Oxygen Balance  Zero Oxygen Balance: Explosive has just enough oxygen to convert all of its hydrogen to water and all of its carbon to carbon dioxide.  Positive Oxygen Balance: Extra oxygen atoms remain after all of the hydrogen has been converted to water and all of the carbon to carbon dioxide.

Which is an example of a negative oxygen balance?

In actual practice a mixture of 80% ammonium nitrate and 20% TNT by weight yields an oxygen balance of +1%, the best properties of all mixtures, and an increase in strength of 30% over TNT. Examples of materials with negative oxygen balance are e.g. trinitrotoluene (−74%), aluminium powder (−89%), sulfur (−100%), or carbon (−266.7%).