What is manganese ore good for?
What is manganese ore good for?
Manganese removes oxygen and sulfur when iron ore (an iron and oxygen compound) is converted into iron. It also is an essential alloy that helps convert iron into steel. As an alloy it decreases the brittleness of steel and imparts strength.
What is Vale Brazil?
Vale S.A. (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈvali]) is a Brazilian multinational corporation engaged in metals and mining and one of the largest logistics operators in Brazil.
Which country has largest manganese reserves?
South Africa
South Africa has the largest manganese reserves worldwide by far. Manganese is an essential element to iron and steel production.
Where can I find manganese and ferroalloys in Brazil?
We operate manganese mines and plants in the states of Pará and Mat Grosso do Sul. We also have ferroalloy plants in Minas Gerais and Bahia. Brazilian production of ferromanganese took its first steps in a small lab, at the traditional Escola de Minas (Mining School), in Minas Gerais.
What kind of material is ferromanganese used for?
Ferromanganese is used as a deoxidizer for steel . A North American standard specification is ASTM A99. The ten grades covered under this specification includes; A similar material is a pig iron with high content of manganese, is called spiegeleisen, or specular pig iron. Evolution of global manganese production, by processes.
Why was ferromanganese made in a blast furnace?
The advantage of combining powdered iron oxide and manganese oxide together is the lower melting point of the combined alloy compared to pure manganese oxide. In 1872, Lambert von Pantz produced ferromanganese in a blast furnace, with significantly higher manganese content than was previously possible (37% instead of the previous 12%).
When did Vale do Rio Doce start exporting iron ore?
The 1950s marked Companhia Vale do Rio Doce’s entry into the global iron ore market, after the company’s mine-railroad-port complex was modernized and iron ore prices doubled. At first, sales were mostly to the United States, but exports to Europe increased over the course of the decade.