What is CDKN1A gene?

CDKN1A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1A) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CDKN1A include Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, Type I and Tongue Carcinoma. Among its related pathways are Adipogenesis and Akt Signaling.

What is the function of p21?

The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (also known as p21WAF1/Cip1) promotes cell cycle arrest in response to many stimuli. It is well positioned to function as both a sensor and an effector of multiple anti-proliferative signals.

What does p21 encode?

p21 represents a major target of p53 activity and thus is associated with linking DNA damage to cell cycle arrest. This protein is encoded by the CDKN1A gene located on chromosome 6 (6p21.

How does p27 regulate the cell cycle?

p27 is a key regulator of cell proliferation. While it opposes cell cycle progression by binding to and inhibiting cyclin E-Cdk2, T157/T198 phosphorylation of p27 promotes its assembly of D-type cyclin-CDKs. In addition to its actions on the cell cycle, p27 regulates CDK-independent cytoplasmic functions.

Why is it called p53?

P53 has been described as “the guardian of the genome”, referring to its role in conserving stability by preventing genome mutation (Strachan and Read, 1999). The name is due to its molecular mass: it is in the 53 kilodalton fraction of cell proteins. The human p53 gene is located on the seventeenth chromosome (17p13.

What is the meaning of cyclin?

: any of a group of proteins active in controlling the cell cycle and in initiating DNA synthesis.

Does p53 activate p21?

After DNA damage, p53 activates transcription of the cdk4 inhibitor p21, which mediates a growth-inhibitory function ,(3) .

Does p53 regulate p27?

These data suggest that the presence of p53, independently of the mutational status, plays a role in p27 regulation. Our in vitro experiments showing that p53 upmodulation by HRG-mediated HER2 activation correlates with increased p27 expression support this notion.

What happens if p53 is mutated?

This altered p53 protein cannot regulate cell growth and division and is unable to trigger apoptosis in cells with mutated or damaged DNA. As a result, DNA damage can accumulate in cells. If such cells continue to divide in an uncontrolled way, they can lead to the formation of bladder cancer.