What causes calcification of the basal ganglia?

Pathological basal ganglia calcification is due to various causes, such as: metabolic disorders, infectious and genetic diseases and other. Hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism are the most common causes of pathological basal ganglia calcification.

Is there a cure for basal ganglia calcification?

Fahr’s disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of psychiatric symptoms, particularly when associated with movement disorder. The disease should be differentiated from other conditions that can cause intracranial calcification. No specific treatment is currently available.

Where is the basal ganglia in relation to the thalamus?

In contrast to the cortical layer that lines the surface of the forebrain, the basal ganglia are a collection of distinct masses of gray matter lying deep in the brain not far from the junction of the thalamus. They lie to the side of and surround the thalamus.

What does it mean to have basal ganglia calcification?

Other parts of your brain can be affected as well. This can also be called familial idiopathic basal ganglia calcification or primary familial brain calcification, and it used to be called Fahr’s disease or Fahr’s syndrome.

Where are calcifications usually found in the brain?

Calcifications are usually seen in the periventricular area, brain parenchyma or basal ganglia. Periventricular calcifications are usually described as thick and chunky in appearance whereas calcifications in the basal ganglia are usually faint and punctate (Fig. 4a).

How are the basal ganglia and thalamus affected?

Both the basal ganglia and thalamus may be affected by other systemic or metabolic disease, degenerative disease, and vascular conditions. Focal flavivirus infections, toxoplasmosis, and primary central nervous system lymphoma may also involve both deep gray matter structures.

Are there echogenicities in the thalami and basal ganglia?

High-frequency grayscale ultrasound shows linear or branching echogenicities in the thalami or basal ganglia. Often, no convincing correlate is seen on CT or MRI. At times, punctate calcifications in the basal ganglia are noted.

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