What are the symptoms of EEE in horses?
What are the symptoms of EEE in horses?
What are the clinical signs of Eastern equine encephalitis? The clinical signs of EEE often come on abruptly. These can include depression, anorexia, fever, and lethargy. Neurological signs may include tremors, weakness, ataxia, paralysis, seizures, decreased awareness of surroundings, and recumbency.
What causes vee?
The virus that causes VEE is transmitted primarily by mosquitoes that bite an infected animal and then bite and feed on another animal or human. The speed with which the disease spreads depends on the subtype of the VEE virus and the density of mosquito populations.
What causes Venezuelan equine encephalitis?
Venezuelan equine encephalitis is an arthropod-borne virus, with the mosquito serving as the most common vector. The virus incubates in the mosquito for 1 week after the mosquito bites an infected equine or rodent host. The virus is then transmitted when the mosquito feeds on an uninfected host.
Is EEE fatal in horses?
Signs of EEE in horses include fever; a sleepy appearance; some muscle twitches of the head, neck, shoulder and flank; and a weak, staggering gait. Affected animals are soon down, unable to stand. There is no effective treatment. The fatality rate is 90 percent or higher.
What are the first signs of EEE?
Severe cases of EEE infection begin with the sudden onset of headache, high fever, chills, and vomiting that may progress into disorientation, seizures, encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and coma.
What is WEE disease?
Definition. Western equine encephalitis (WEE) is a viral disease carried by mosquitoes. WEE occurs in the western parts of the United States, including Iowa and Canada. WEE causes “sleeping sickness” in horses.
What is vee horse?
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), western equine encephalitis (WEE) and Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) are caused by Alphaviruses. Birds and rodents are the primary reservoirs, but unvaccinated horses are particularly susceptible and often serve as sentinels.
Is there a vaccine for Venezuelan equine encephalitis?
Recent re-emergence of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) in South America emphasizes the importance of this pathogen to public health and veterinary medicine. Despite its importance no antivirals or vaccines against VEEV are currently available in the USA.
Where is Venezuelan equine encephalitis found?
Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) is a mosquito-borne disease endemic in regions of Central and South America that causes sporadic outbreaks of equine and human encephalitis.
Can a vaccinated horse get EEE?
Although vaccination has reduced the size and number of outbreaks of EEE, WEE and VEE in horses, the impact of these diseases is still significant because of the high mortality rate.
How fast are EEE symptoms?
It takes 4 to 10 days after the bite of an infected mosquito to develop symptoms of EEE.
What kind of virus does a Venezuelan Horse have?
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus is a mosquito-borne viral pathogen that causes Venezuelan equine encephalitis or encephalomyelitis (VEE).
What are Eastern, Western and Venezuelan equine encephalitis?
Eastern, Western and Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis result from infection by the respectively named viruses in the genus Alphavirus (family Togaviridae). In the human literature, the disease is usually called Eastern, Western or Venezuelan equine encephalitis.
What are the symptoms of viral encephalomyelitis in horses?
What is Viral Encephalomyelitis (Encephalitis)? Equine viral encephalomyelitis (encephalitis) is an inflammation of the brain and spinal cord than run concurrently or at the same time. It is an infection that stems from a virus that is transmitted by mosquitos and other blood sucking insects that can infect both humans and horses.
How does VEE virus affect humans and horses?
VEE can affect all equine species, such as horses, donkeys, and zebras. After infection, equines may suddenly die or show progressive central nervous system disorders. Humans also can contract this disease. Healthy adults who become infected by the virus may experience flu -like symptoms, such as high fevers and headaches.