What are the 4 uses and gratifications?

In 1972 Denis McQuail, Jay Blumler and Joseph Brown suggested that the uses of different types of media could be grouped into 4 categories. The four categories were: diversion, personal relationships, personal identity and surveillance.

What is Blumler and Katz theory?

Blumler and Katz (1974) concluded that different people can use the same communication message for very different purposes. The same media content may gratify different needs for different individuals. That is, audience members are aware of and can state their own motives and gratifications for using different media.

What are the five media theories?

Let’s look at five fundamental theories of mass communication: 1) the magic bullet theory, 2) two-step flow theory, 3) multi-step flow theory, 4) uses and gratification theory, and 5) cultivation theory. Magic Bullet Theory.

What are media centered theories?

Commonly called new media theory or media-centered theory of composition, media theory focuses on how writing is created, keeping in mind particularly the tools and mediums used in the composition process.

Why was the uses and gratifications approach unique?

The Uses and Gratifications Approach views the audience as active, meaning that they actively seek out specific media and content to achieve certain results or gratifications that satisfy their personal needs. The sources of the media chosen are distinctive.

What are the four reasons why audiences might use media?

The uses and gratifications theory as devised by Blumler and Katz states that audiences have four main needs that are gratified by the media; the need for information (surveillance), the need for diversion (escapism or entertainment), the need for personal identity and the need for social interaction.

What is uses and gratification theory examples?

In situations like watching movies and listening to the music of your own choice, this theory is applicable. People choose from their own choices and moods. The needs of the particular person are met through the media used.

What is the powerful effects theory?

The basic assumption of strong media effects theory was that audiences were passive and homogeneous. This assumption was not based on empirical evidence but instead on assumptions of human nature. There were two main explanations for this perception of mass media effects.

What are the four major types of media effects?

These four media-influenced functions are acquiring, triggering, altering, and reinforcing. The first two of these functions influence immediate effects that would show up either during the exposure or immediately after.

What are the three media theories?

Finally, using three of the most recent theories within media effects, namely framing effects, agenda-setting, and priming, the entry explains media effects theory and the psychological mechanisms involved in these three theories.

What is the main idea of uses and gratifications theory?

Uses and gratifications theory asserts that people use media to gratify specific wants and needs. Unlike many media theories that view media users as passive, uses and gratifications sees users as active agents who have control over their media consumption.

Who created uses and gratifications theory?

Katz and Blumler
Coined in the early 1940s by Katz and Blumler (1974), the uses and gratifications theory deals with understanding why people use certain types of media, what needs do they have to use them, and what gratifications do they get from using them.

Is there such a thing as media psychology?

Media psychology is a new academic and applied discipline emerging in response to the proliferation of communication technologies in the last fifty years. While there is much interest in the field, there is little agreement in defining media psychology.

Which is the best description of utility theory?

Any theory, which proposes to capture preferences, is, by necessity, abstraction based on certain assumptions. Utility theory is a positive theory Theory that seeks to explain an individual’s observed behavior and choices. that seeks to explain the individuals’ observed behavior and choices.

Why do people refer to the media for information?

Even for communication, say – interpersonal, people refer to the media for the topic to discuss among themselves. By referring the media, they gain more knowledge and exposure to the world beyond their limited eyesight. There are several needs and gratification for people.

Is the Magic Bullet Theory in contradiction to the media theory?

In other words, it can be said that the theory argues what people do with media rather than what media does to people. Also, this theory is in contradiction to the Magic Bullet theory, which states that the audience is passive.