What are different types of horn antenna?

There are several different types and structures of horn antennas to serve these various applications.

• Pyramidal Horn Antenna.
• Sectoral Horn Antenna.
• Conical Horn Antenna.
• Scalar Horn Antenna or Exponential Horn Antenna.
• Corrugated Horn Antenna.
• Gain Horn Antenna.
• Feed Horn Antenna.

What is horn antenna sketch the various types of horn antenna and explain its operation?

Definition: Horn antenna is a type of antenna which is constructed when the end of the antenna is flared out or tapered in the shape of a horn. Horn antenna operates in microwave frequency. These operate in ultra-high and super-high frequencies ranging between 300 MHz to 30 GHz.

How beam width and directivity is increased in horn antennas?

Theory dictates that as the frequency used by a horn antenna increases, so does the gain and directivity (beam width decreases). As antennas tend to have higher gain levels as they become larger, so it can intuitively be seen that the gain and directivity of the horn antenna will increase with frequency.

What is the impedance of a radio horn antenna?

Shaped like a horn and this antenna forms a smooth transition between the waveguide and free space whilst also directing the radio waves in a beam. The horn antenna may be considered as an RF transformer or impedance match between the waveguide feeder and free space which has an impedance of 377 ohms.

How does a horn antenna work in a wave?

So the horn antenna can be effectively feed from a wave guide. When a wave guide is suitably excited at one end and opened at the other end a small portion of the energy will be radiated. The reason is mismatch at the end of the wave guide with space.

What are the gain levels for a horn antenna?

Thus gain levels are a balance between aperture size and length. However gain levels for a horn antenna may be up to 20 dB in some instances. When the horn needs to be used with coax, a small section of waveguide is required in which a waveguide to coax transition is located. There are several types of horn antenna:

How does a horn antenna reduce diffraction?

By terminating the waveguide with a horn-like structure, the discontinuity existing between the waveguide and space, having impedance 377 ohms is eliminated. This offers the incident energy to be radiated in forward direction thereby reducing the diffraction at the edges.