How is splenomegaly diagnosis?

An enlarged spleen is usually detected during a physical exam. Your doctor can often feel it by gently examining your left upper abdomen. However, in some people — especially those who are slender — a healthy, normal-sized spleen can sometimes be felt during an exam.

What are the differential diagnosis of splenomegaly?

Splenic abscess. Acute infectious illnesses (eg, typhoid, malaria, other tropical diseases) Acute viral infections (eg, infectous mononucleosis) Systemic lupus erythematosus.

What is the most common cause of splenomegaly?

Infections, such as mononucleosis, are among the most common causes of splenomegaly. Problems with your liver, such as cirrhosisand cystic fibrosis, can also cause an enlarged spleen. Another possible cause of splenomegaly is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

What labs indicate splenomegaly?

Laboratory Studies

• Complete blood cell count (CBC) with differential.
• Liver function testing.
• Hepatitis B and C testing.
• Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
• Erythrocyte sediumentation rate (ESR)
• Evaluation of peripheral blood smear for RBC morphology and signs of myeloproliferative disorders or underlying bone marrow disorders.

What is mild splenomegaly?

Your spleen is an organ that sits just below your left rib cage. Many conditions — including infections, liver disease and some cancers — can cause an enlarged spleen. An enlarged spleen is also known as splenomegaly (spleh-no-MEG-uh-lee). An enlarged spleen usually doesn’t cause symptoms.

What is normal size of spleen?

In general, an adult spleen is about 5 inches long, 3 inches wide, 1.5 inches thick, and weighs about 6 ounces. Women tend to have smaller spleens than men, and taller people tend to have larger spleens than shorter people.

How do you test for physical splenomegaly?

When the patient inspires, the spleen moves inferiorly along the posterolateral abdominal wall. If the spleen is enlarged enough that the inferior pole reaches the eighth or ninth intercostal space, a dull percussion note will be appreciated, indicating splenomegaly.

What is cause splenomegaly?

Causes. The most common causes of splenomegaly in developed countries are infectious mononucleosis, splenic infiltration with cancer cells from a hematological malignancy and portal hypertension (most commonly secondary to liver disease, and sarcoidosis ). Splenomegaly may also come from bacterial infections,…

What are signs of ruptured spleen?

Signs and symptoms of a ruptured spleen include: Pain in the upper left abdomen. Tenderness when you touch the upper left abdomen. Left shoulder pain, particularly if you also have cuts and bruises on the left chest or side. Confusion, lightheadedness or dizziness.

What is the treatment for spleen?

The treatment for an enlarged spleen is determined by the underlying cause thus, antiviral drugs would used for viral-related infections of the spleen, radiation therapy would be prescribed for spleen-related cancers such as Hodgkin ‘s lymphoma, and removal of the spleen, or splenectomy, would be appropriate in cases with the worst prognosis.

What does splenomegaly mean?

Splenomegaly is defined as enlargement of the spleen, measured by size or weight.In the past, splenomegaly was a clinical finding, but in recent years, imaging studies have also helped to assess for or confirm mild splenomegaly. The spleen is a functionally diverse organ with active roles in immunosurveillance and hematopoiesis.

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