How do you use et al in Harvard?

If the work has four or more authors/editors the abbreviation ‘et al. ‘ should be used after the first author’s name. It is also acceptable to use ‘et al. ‘ after the first author if the work has three authors.

How do you cite et al in-text?

The abbreviation “et al.” (meaning “and others”) is used to shorten in-text citations with three or more authors. Here’s how it works: Only include the first author’s last name, followed by “et al.”, a comma and the year of publication, for example (Taylor et al., 2018).

How do you cite in-text Harvard style?

Citing an author’s name directly in the text Give the author’s surname followed by the date of publication in brackets. If the author has written a chapter in an edited work, cite the chapter author, not the editor(s).

Does et al go in the in-text citation?

List only the first author’s name followed by “et al.” in every citation, even the first, unless doing so would create ambiguity between different sources. In et al., et should not be followed by a period. Only “al” should be followed by a period.

What is et al example?

used in academic papers is in references, both for in-text citations and in the reference list. For example, you might see the phrase, “Horowitz et al. (2012) published ground-breaking research,” which means that Horowitz and others published the research.

When should you put et al?

Only when a work has six or more authors should the first in-text citation consist of the first author followed by et al. With five or fewer authors, all the author surnames should be spelled out at first mention.

How many authors are needed to use et al?

What means et al?

and others
Hint: The abbreviation et al. is short for the Latin phrase et alia, meaning “and others.”

What is an in-text citation example?

Using In-text Citation APA in-text citation style uses the author’s last name and the year of publication, for example: (Field, 2005). For direct quotations, include the page number as well, for example: (Field, 2005, p. 14). For sources such as websites and e-books that have no page numbers, use a paragraph number.

What does et al mean in citation?

Academic writing is full of little conventions that may seem opaque to the uninitiated. One of these is the Latin phrase et al., an abbreviation meaning “and others.” It is used to shorten lists of author names in text citations to make repeated referencing shorter and simpler.

Does et al have a period?

Because et al. is short for et alii (Latin for “and others”), the second word is actually an abbreviation and as such takes a period.

How do you use et al properly?

matter what, “et” is never followed by a period. Only “al” is followed by a period. That means that “et al.” is the only proper spelling of the phrase.

What do you need to know about Harvard in text citations?

In Harvard style, citations appear in brackets in the text. An in-text citation consists of the last name of the author, the year of publication, and a page number if relevant. Up to three authors are included in Harvard in-text citations.

What does’et al’mean in Harvard referencing style?

To avoid making these ‘bridges’ too long due to a large number of authors for a given source we employ the use of the Latin word et al. But how do you reference ‘et al’ in Harvard referencing style? A quick history lesson. Et al. is short for ‘el alia’ that literally means ‘and the others’.

When to use’et al’in APA in-text citations?

The acronym ‘‘et al.’’ is an abbreviation for the Latin term ‘et alia,’’ meaning ‘‘and others’’ and used in academic in-text citations when referring to a source with multiple authors. Depending on the number of authors a reference has, an APA in-text citation is abbreviated by using ‘et al.’ after the first author’s last name.

How many authors are included in Harvard referencing?

In Harvard referencing, up to three author names are included in an in-text citation or reference list entry. When there are four or more authors, include only the first, followed by ‘ et al. ’ Smith, T. (2014) … Smith, T. and Jones, F. (2014) …