What is the most common target organ of toxicity?

In vitro models are developed using cells or tissues from the organs that are the typical targets of toxicity. The liver is the primary site for the metabolism of many chemicals and drugs by the body and is also the primary site of potential toxic injury (hepatotoxicity).

What is organ system toxicity?

The use, particularly when repeated, of many drugs can lead to an accumulation of a drug, or harmful byproducts from the metabolism of a drug, in tissues or organs. This accumulation of toxic chemicals can lead to organ damage, and in extreme cases, even organ failure and death.

Which of the following could be a target organ for a toxicant?

The respiratory system is both a target organ and a portal of entry for toxicants. Asthma morbidity and death from asthma are increasing. More than 100 toxicants cause asthma, and many more can exacerbate it [Rom 2007]. Biological enzymes.

What are target organs example?

Target organs include the bone marrow, skin, and nervous system after either acute or chronic excessive exposure.

What does it mean to have specific target organ toxicity?

Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure) (STOT-SE) means specific non-lethal effects on organs or organ systems in the body following single exposure to a chemical.

How are specific target organ toxicants classified in GHS?

There are 2 categories for specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure) under GHS. GHS uses guidance value C as cut-off value to determine the hazard category of STOT Re and it is defined as test dose/concentration at which there is evidence of significant health effects.

Which is an example of a specific target organ effect?

Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, (STOT-SE) means specific, non-lethal target organ toxicity arising from a single exposure to a chemical. This is an example of an acute effect. Section 8 of Appendix A is devoted entirely to STOT-SE.

Can a toxicant affect more than one organ?

Target Organ Toxicity, 2 • Toxicants do not affect all organs to the same extent. • A toxicant may have several sites of action and target organs. • Multi-toxicant exposure may target the same organ. • The target organ may not be the site for storage. • Toxicokinetic processes determine concentrations in target organs. Hughes