What is optic disc hyperemia?

HYPEREMIA: increased redness of the optic nerve head; PULSATION: dynamic evidence of venous pulsation at the emergence from the optic disc.

What causes optic disk swelling?

Papilledema is swelling of your optic nerve, which connects the eye and brain. This swelling is a reaction to a buildup of pressure in or around your brain that may have many causes. Often, it’s a warning sign of a serious medical condition that needs attention, such as a brain tumor or hemorrhage.

What causes optic disc damage?

The problem most often affects older adults. The optic nerve can also be damaged by shock, toxins, radiation, and trauma. Eye diseases, such as glaucoma, can also cause a form of optic nerve atrophy. The condition can also be caused by diseases of the brain and central nervous system.

Which condition is a swelling and hyperemia of the optic disc?

Papilledema indicates increased intracranial pressure. In addition to bilateral hyperemic and swollen optic disks (optic nerve heads), patients typically have engorged and tortuous retinal veins, and retinal hemorrhages around the disk but not into the retinal periphery.

What does a normal optic disc look like?

Typically the optic disc looks like an orange-pink donut with a pale centre. The orange-pink appearance represents healthy, well perfused neuro-retinal tissue. There are many pathological reasons why a disc may lose this orange-pink colour and appear pale ie optic atrophy.

What is the optic disc margin?

The optic disc margin is a clinical construct for structures that encompass the neural tissue within the ONH. Its accurate clinical identification is central to the quantitative estimate of cup-disc ratio as well the foundation of all quantitative assessments of the neuroretinal rim by modern imaging techniques.

Is Papilloedema reversible?

Most visual defects associated with papilledema are reversible if intracranial pressure is lowered before there is optic nerve damage.

What are signs of optic nerve damage?

Symptoms might include:

• Pain. Most people who develop optic neuritis have eye pain that’s worsened by eye movement.
• Vision loss in one eye. Most people have at least some temporary reduction in vision, but the extent of loss varies.
• Visual field loss.
• Loss of color vision.
• Flashing lights.

What is the function of optic disc?

The optic disc represents the beginning of the optic nerve (second cranial nerve) and is the point where the axons of retinal ganglion cells come together. The optic disc is also the entry point for the major blood vessels that supply the retina.

What does a healthy optic disc look like?

What causes swelling in the optic disc of the eye?

Papilledema is swelling of your optic disc, the place where the nerve that goes to your brain connects inside your eye. This swelling is a reaction to a buildup of pressure in or around your brain.

What causes an optic disc hemorrhage in the retina?

Two primary hypotheses exist: mechanical and vascular. Proponents of the mechanical theory hypothesize that disc hemorrhages result from mechanical shearing at the lamina cribrosa or because of damage to the capillary network at the border of retinal nerve fiber layer defect enlargement.

What causes hyperemic swelling of the optic nerve?

Note the hyperemic swelling of the optic nerve associated with many flame-shaped, peripapillary hemorrhages.

Why does my optic disc swell when I gain weight?

Also, suddenly gaining an additional 5% to 15% of your body weight raises the odds, regardless of your starting weight. The exact link to being overweight isn’t clear. It’s possible that belly fat increases pressure in the chest and starts a chain reaction to the brain.