What are isotypes Allotypes and Idiotypes?

Human antibodies are Y-shaped, tetrapeptide glycoproteins made by two heavy chains and two light chains that are bound together by disulfide bonds. Like any other proteins, antibodies can act as an antigen, if injected into different species or hosts.

What is the difference between idiotype and isotype?

Allotypes are antigenic determinants specified by allelic forms of the Ig genes. Allotypes represent slight differences in the amino acid sequences of heavy or light chains of different individuals. Allotypic differences are detected by using antibodies directed against allotypic determinants.

What is isotype allotype?

Isotype and allotype are terms that relate to the structure of a component of the immune system that is called an immunoglobulin. Immunoglobulins bind their corresponding antigen .

What is the difference between Allotypic and idiotypic determinant?

Isotypic determinant is present in the constant region of the heavy chain. Isotypic determinant is characteristic for a particular species and is present in all members of the same species. Therefore all individuals of the same species have the same isotype.

How are isotype, allotype and idiotype determinants?

Isotype, Allotype and Idiotype are antigenic determinants. We know that antigens that are proteins act as potent antigens and can induce the immune system. Similarly if you think about antibodies, they are glycoproteins so logically they also should be able to induce our immune system. Interesting, isn’t it?

What’s the difference between an idio and an isotype?

1 Isotype: Iso = Same Definition: Isotype antigenic determinants characterize the classes and subclasses of heavy chain and types and subtypes of light chains. 2 Allotype: Allo = Different Definition: Allotype antigenic determinants are specified by the allelic forms of the Ig genes. 3 Idiotype: Idio = Own or Peculiar

When is the isotype and allotype of an antibody the same?

Observed: When we inject antibodies from a donor who is genetically identical to a recipient, it induces production of anti-idiotypic antibodies. In genetically identical twins the isotype and allotype will be the same but the idiotype will be different.

How are immunoglobulins divided into isotypes, allotypes, and idiotypes?

Based on the location of those antigenic determinants, immunoglobulins are divided into, isotypes, allotypes, and idiotypes. Each antibody has only one type of (γ, or α, or μ, or ε, or δ) heavy chain and one type of (k or λ) light chain.