Do Leydig cells control sperm development?

Testosterone is the major androgen in the testis that regulates spermatogenesis. Testosterone is produced by the Leydig cell in response to stimulation with luteinizing hormone (LH) and acts as a paracrine factor that diffuses into the seminiferous tubules.

What causes Leydig cells to produce sperm?

FSH causes the Sertoli cells of the testes (which help nurse developing sperm cells) to begin the process of spermatogenesis in the testes. LH triggers the production of testosterone from the Leydig cells of the testis; testosterone causes the development of secondary sex characteristics in the male.

How is Leydig cell hypoplasia diagnosed?

Leydig cell hypoplasia type II can display either a pronounced rise of testosterone levels or no rise. In any case, the diagnosis is confirmed on biopsy of the testes, revealing either absent or hypoplastic Leydig cells.

Are there any side effects of Leydig’s cell hyperplasia?

Adult patients with Leydig’s cell hyperplasia are usually asymptomatic [ 2 ]. However, some patients may present with testicular pain, swelling, or infertility [ 3 ]. No changes in libido occur, and gynecomastia does not develop [ 2 ]. Lesions typically are not palpable, and serum tumor markers are usually normal [ 2, 4 ].

Can a Leydig cell be associated with infertility?

Leydig cell impairment is generally associated with infertility, however, not all individuals suffering from decreased Leydig cell function will experience infertility or subfertility. Although Leydig cells are present in both male and female reproductive organs, dysfunction is most commonly seen in males.

How does Leydig’s cell tumor affect libido?

Therefore, Leydig’s cell hyperplasia is often an incidental finding. In contrast, patients with Leydig’s cell tumor present with endocrine abnormalities, such as adult feminization, gynecomastia, and, in 30% of patients, decreased libido due to production of estrogen or androgen by tumor cells [ 7 ].

How are Leydig cells related to male spermatozoa?

Leydig Cells in Males. These tubules contain the germ cells that eventually develop into the mature spermatozoa. Leydig cells respond to cyclical bursts of luteinizing hormone (LH), which is released from the pituitary gland. LH bonds to the Leydig cells, stimulating the cells into producing testosterone and other androgens (male hormones).