Can negative sense RNA be translated?

Like DNA, negative-sense RNA has a nucleotide sequence complementary to the mRNA that it encodes; also like DNA, this RNA cannot be translated into protein directly. Instead, it must first be transcribed into a positive-sense RNA that acts as an mRNA.

What is meant by negative sense RNA?

Negative-strand RNA virus: Also known as an antisense-strand RNA virus, a virus whose genetic information consists of a single strand of RNA that is the negative or antisense strand which does not encode mRNA (messenger RNA). There are two types of RNA viruses.

Where do negative sense RNA viruses replicate?

Many replicate in the cytoplasm, a few replicate in the nucleus. Viral genomes are often tightly associated with a nucleocapsid (N) protein. Families of negative-strand RNA viruses include Orthomyxoviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Bornaviridae, and Filoviridae.

Which group of viruses has a negative ssRNA genome?

Negative ssRNA viruses are classified into seven families: Rhabdoviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Filoviridae, Bornaviridae, Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae (Hantaan virus and rift valley fever virus – RVFV), and Orthomyxoviridae (influenza viruses). The first four families are characterized by nonsegmented genomes.

How is positive sense RNA converted to negative sense RNA?

Positive-sense viral RNA is similar to mRNA and thus can be immediately translated by the host cell. Negative-sense viral RNA is complementary to mRNA and thus must be converted to positive-sense RNA by an RNA polymerase before translation.

What makes a negative strand RNA virus negative?

Hence, the negative strand RNA viruses consist of a genome that is complementary to the viral mRNA. Therefore, the viral genome cannot be readily translated into viral proteins. Hence, the virion should be packed with an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzyme that aids in the transcription of viral RNA.

What are the different types of RNA viruses?

Type of Genome. Positive Sense RNA Virus: Positive sense RNA viruses are known to have a positive sense (5’ to 3’) RNA genome. Negative Sense RNA Virus: Negative sense RNA viruses are known to have a negative sense (3’ to 5’) RNA genome.

Where does RdRp transcribe 5’triphosphate leader RNA?

The RdRp transcribes a 5′ triphosphate-leader RNA, then stop and restart on a transcription initiation signal. The RNA initiated on this signal is capped. At the end of viral genes is a transcription stop signal on which the RdRp will produce a polyadenylation signal by stuttering on a U stretch before releasing the mRNA.