What makes digital PCR Digital?

In traditional PCR, a single sample offers only a single measurement, but in Droplet Digital PCR, the sample is partitioned into 20,000 nanoliter-sized droplets. This partitioning enables the measurement of thousands of independent amplification events within a single sample.

What are the applications of PCR technique?

We present a survey of the following applications of PCR: 1) The amplification of gene fragments as fast alternative of cloning. 2) The modification of DNA fragments. 3) The sensitive detection of pathogenic microorganisms, if desired followed by an accurate genotyping. 4) DNA analysis of arachaeological specimens.

What is a ddPCR assay?

Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) is a method for performing digital PCR that is based on water-oil emulsion droplet technology. A sample is fractionated into 20,000 droplets, and PCR amplification of the template molecules occurs in each individual droplet.

How is digital PCR used in DNA analysis?

Until recently, digital PCR was performed using PCR plates. This process was labor-intensive and reagent consuming- limiting its use for routine analysis. The latest advances in microfluidics enable massive automated partitioning of DNA sample in hundreds to millions of nano- or pico-liter scale compartments.

How are digital PCR chips used in microfluidics?

The latest advances in microfluidics enable massive automated partitioning of DNA sample in hundreds to millions of nano- or pico-liter scale compartments. Digital PCR array chips, splitting the sample in hundreds of microfluidic wells, combined with real-time PCR machines was the first digital platform developed.

When did Kary Mullis invent real time PCR?

Since the invention of PCR by Kary Mullis in 1983, it has been a real revolution in molecular biology. A decade later, real-time PCR also termed quantitative PCR, offered the possibility of monitoring the PCR process. Until now, real-time PCR is considered as the “gold standard” for gene detection and quantification.

Why are advances in technology relevant to biology?

provides insight into some of the technical drivers behind biology-related technology; lends insight into the basis for complementarities or synergies among technologies and, as such, facilitates the analysis of interactions that lead to either beneficial or potentially malevolent ends.