What is the importance of Plasmodiophorids?

Plasmodiophorids occupy a phylogenetically distinct position from most other plant parasites. They cause several economically important diseases such as clubroot of Brassicaceae and powdery scab of potatoes. Plasmodiophorids also act as vectors of damaging plant viruses.

What is Plasmodiophorales?

The Plasmodiophorales are plant parasites whose life cycles include multinucleate plasmodia (Braselton 2001). Although they have been studied by mycologists historically, a number of unique characters, such as cruciform nuclear division and mode of penetration during infection, set the group apart from the true fungi.

How are Plasmodiophora Planogametes formed?

Formation of planogametes: The protoplast of plasmodium splits into many pieces in host cells. Each piece has one haploid nucl :us. Each protoplast is surrounded by a thin colourless wall and develops into gametangium. The nucleus divides mitotically and eight nuclei are formed.

Do Plasmodiophoromycetes produce zoospores?

Fungi: Plant Pathogenic Sexual reproduction in this group includes fusion of zoospores (as isogametes) to form a zygote. Species of two genera within this group, Polymyxa and Spongospora, can also vector plant pathogenic viruses.

What is Cystogenous Plasmodium?

The cystogenous Plasmodium divides by meiosis to form thick- walled resting meiospores. Some scientists call them resting sporangia or cyst. On germination each cyst gives rise to a zoospore or cyst zoospore. Both the gametes and the cyst zoospore are uninucleate, biflagellate and similar in structure.

Is Plasmodiophora Brassicae a fungi?

P. brassicae is distinct from other plant pathogens, such as fungi or oomycetes, as it is an obligate biotroph protist in the Plasmodiophorids within the eukaryote supergroup Rhizaria.

How do you control Plasmodiophora Brassicae?

NON-CHEMICAL CONTROL brassicae infestation including buying or using disease free transplants, using well drained and pathogen free soil, eliminating nearby crucifer weeds, incorporating a 7-year rotation of non-cruciferous crops, adjusting soil pH to 7.2 or higher, and using resistant crop varieties.

Is slime a moldy colony?

Some slime moulds are able to do something amazing, they can group together to form colonies. In a similar way to jellyfish, this type of slime mould is formed of hundreds of tiny individual cells, working together to survive.

Is Plasmodium a virus?

The Plasmodium parasite that causes malaria is neither a virus nor a bacteria – it is a single-celled parasite that multiplies in red blood cells of humans as well as in the mosquito intestine.

Where is Plasmodium found?

Plasmodium falciparum predominates in Africa south of the Sahara, one reason why malaria is so severe in that area.

What is clubroot disease?

Clubroot is a disease that affects plants in the cabbage family. Plants infected by clubroot are stunted, wilt easily and may have yellowing leaves. Roots of clubroot infected plants are swollen into thick, irregular club shapes.

What is the disease caused by Plasmodiophora Brassicae?

Clubroot. Clubroot is a soil-infective disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin, which is now spreading all over the world and becoming the most serious disease of Cruciferae crops.

How does Plasmodiophoromycota spread to other cells?

Thus group ofinfected cells are formed. This group of infected cells is called Krankbeitsherds. It spread infection to large number of cells. Asexual reproduction occurs by zoospore formation. Zoospores are produced in the infected host cells. Spore formation: Many mitotic divisions occur in the haploid nuclzus of Plasmodiophora.

What are the characteristics of a plasmodiophoromycete endoparasite?

In this article we will discuss about the general characteristics of plasmodiophoromycetes. The representatives of this class are obligate endoparasites of the seed plants (Cabbage, Nasturtium), ferns (Azolla), algae (Vaucheria) and Fungi (Achlya, Saprolegnia).

Who are the most famous mycologists of Plasmodiophoromycota?

Accounts of the Plasmodiophoromycota have been given by Sparrow (1960), Karling (1968), Dylewski (1990) and Braselton (1995, 2001). Plasmodiophoromycota have traditionally been studied by mycologists and plant pathologists.

What kind of disease does Plasmodiophora brassicae cause?

Some scientists assign Plasmodiophoromycota to the kingdom Protista; the taxonomy of the group, however, remains contentious. Several species are economically significant plant pathogens, including Plasmodiophora brassicae, which causes clubroot of cabbage and related plants, and Spongospora subterranea, which causes powdery scab of potatoes.

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