What is post-transcriptional modification in biology?

Posttranscriptional modifications are changes that occur to a newly transcribed primary RNA transcript (hnRNA) after transcription has occurred and prior to its translation into a protein product.

What is post-transcriptional modification quizlet?

Modification happens at one end of the RNA while the other end is still being transcribed. POLII has CTD which is activated midway of transcription.

What does post-transcriptional modification involve?

Post-transcriptional modification includes the processes of polyadenylation, 5′ capping, and splicing. Polyadenylation is the addition of adenine bases (the poly-A tail) to the 3′ end of the RNA primary transcript. The poly-A tail is important in export, stability, and translation of the transcript.

Which of the following are reasons for post-transcriptional modification of mRNA?

Aiding mRNA transport out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Stabilizing mRNAs in the cytoplasm so that they can serve as messages for translation for a longer time. Increase the efficiency of the initial steps of translation. Binds to polyadenylation signal (AAUAAA) in the 3′ UTR of the mRNA.

What happens to the mRNA after transcriptional modification?

This regulated process makes different mRNAs and proteins from the same initial RNA transcript. Some mRNAs are targeted by small regulatory RNAs, including miRNAs, which can cause mRNA degradation or block translation.

How is gene expression regulated in RNA post translational modification?

RNA Post-Translational Modification. Overview. Gene expression can be regulated at various stages after an RNA transcript has been produced. Some transcripts can undergo alternative splicing. This regulated process makes different mRNAs and proteins from the same initial RNA transcript.

What happens to RNA after translation and capping?

RNA processing, such as splicing, capping, and addition of a poly-A tail Messenger RNA (mRNA) translation and lifetime in the cytosol Protein modifications, such as addition of chemical groups or removal of amino acids In the sections below, we’ll discuss some common types of gene regulation that occur after an RNA transcript has been made.

How are the later stages of gene expression regulated?

Later stages of gene expression can also be regulated, including the following: RNA processing, such as splicing, capping, and addition of a poly-A tail Messenger RNA (mRNA) translation and lifetime in the cytosol