What is MDR tuberculosis?

Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) is caused by TB bacteria that is resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin, the two most potent TB drugs. These drugs are used to treat all persons with TB disease. TB experts should be consulted in the treatment of MDR TB.

What is MDR-TB PPT?

Definition of MDR – TB MDR-TB caused by strains of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis resistant both Rifampicin and Isoniazid with or without resistance to other drugs. Single Isoniazid or Rifampicin resistance is not MDR – TB MDR TB is a laboratory diagnosis, Not a Clinical assumption Dr.T.V.Rao MD 7.

What is MDR-TB PDF?

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is an increasing global problem, with most cases arising from a mixture of physician error and patient non-compliance during treatment of susceptible TB. The extent and burden of MDR-TB varies significantly from country to country and region to region.

How is MDR-TB diagnosed?

Drug resistance can be detected using special laboratory tests which test the bacteria for sensitivity to the drugs or detect resistance patterns. These tests can be molecular in type (such as Xpert MTB/RIF) or else culture-based.

What is the treatment of MDR-TB?

9–12 months) MDR-TB treatment regimen consisting of combinations of later-generation fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin or gatifloxacin), clofazimine, ethambutol and pyrazinamide throughout the treatment period supplemented by prothionamide, kanamycin, and high-dose isoniazid during an intensive phase.

How long is MDR TB treatment?

MDR- and XDR-TB need prolonged treatment duration, from 18 to 24 months after sputum culture conversion, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) [2]. A prolonged duration of treatment may lead to poor adherence, higher cost and undue toxicity.

What is Dot therapy for TB?

Directly observed treatment, short-course (DOTS, also known as TB-DOTS) is the name given to the tuberculosis (TB) control strategy recommended by the World Health Organization. According to WHO, “The most cost-effective way to stop the spread of TB in communities with a high incidence is by curing it.

What is MDR case?

Infectious disease. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a form of tuberculosis (TB) infection caused by bacteria that are resistant to treatment with at least two of the most powerful first-line anti-TB medications (drugs), isoniazid and rifampin.

How long is MDR-TB treatment?

Is MDR-TB treatable?

Only about half the people with MDR-TB around the world are successfully cured. TB treatment is lengthy and burdensome to patients and treatment providers alike. MDR-TB treatment can consist of more than 14,000 pills, plus daily injections for six months.

What causes multidrug resistant TB ( MDR TB )?

Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) is caused by an organism that is resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin, the two most potent TB drugs.

What kind of drugs are used to treat XDR TB?

Extensively drug resistant TB (XDR TB) is a rare type of MDR TB that is resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, plus any fluoroquinolone and at least one of three injectable second-line drugs (i.e., amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin). Because XDR TB is resistant to the most potent TB drugs,…

Is the detection of drug resistant tuberculosis a priority?

Detection of Drug resistance in Tuberculosis – is a priority The development of new tools for improved diagnosis of TB including smear negative has been deemed to be a top priority by WHO MDR TB strain have emerged in all regions of the world 20.

Is it possible to die from multidrug resistant TB?

In most cases, TB is treatable and curable; however, persons with TB can die if they do not get proper treatment. What is multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB)?