What is avascular necrosis scaphoid?

Idiopathic avascular necrosis (AVN) of the scaphoid was first described by Georg Preiser in 1910 (1-3). It is a rare condition that can cause pain and sometimes swelling around the anatomical snuffbox, which may be associated with loss of strength and reduced range of motion in the wrist (4).

What leads to avascular necrosis of the scaphoid?

Avascular necrosis is common complication of a scaphoid fracture (in around 30% of cases), with its risk increasing the more proximal the fracture. Non-union is the bone failing to heal properly, most commonly due to a poor blood supply.

What nerve is affected in scaphoid fracture?

In all age groups, the fracture may be complicated by injury to the median nerve, injury to the sensory branch of the radial nerve, fracture of the scaphoid, and/or dislocation of the lunate.

What kind of disease is Preiser’s disease?

Preiser disease, or ( idiopathic) avascular necrosis of the scaphoid, is a rare condition where ischemia and necrosis of the scaphoid bone occurs without previous fracture.

What does TSEs stand for in medical terms?

Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs) are a group of diseases that affect the brain and nervous system of humans and animals. The diseases are characterised by a degeneration of brain tissue giving it a sponge-like appearance.

Which is the most common form of Tse?

TSE includes BSE, the bovine form occurring in cows (mad-cow-disease), the scrapie disease in sheep, as well as the human form: the variant-Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Disease (vCJD). In order to minimize the alimentary and iatrogenic contamination-risk, material with a potential risk…

Where does the contamination of Tse come from?

TSE contamination may arise from tissues or secretions of animals—primarily ruminants—susceptible to prion diseases used to prepare cell banks or medicinal product. Primary ADIs or ADRMs may be included as active substances, excipients, or adjuvants (fetal bovine serum, sheep-wool-derived cholesterol, or milk-derived galactose).