What is a ZPP blood test?

Zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) is used to monitor chronic exposure to lead in adults. It is also elevated in iron deficiency and maybe ordered to help detect this deficiency in children. A ZPP level can be compared with the hemoglobin level to form a ZPP/heme ratio that is sensitive to diagnosing iron deficiency.

What is your ZPP level?

The ZPP level is a measure of the impact of lead on RBC synthesis and reflects exposures over a period of several months. Therefore the finding of an elevated level of venous lead but a normal ZPP test result suggests acute rather than chronic exposure. Normal values of ZPP are usually below 35 mcg/dL.

What is Red Cell Protoporphyrin?

Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) is a precursor of Heme and normally occurs in very low concentration in red blood cells (RBC); elevated values indicate early impaired iron nutritional status, providing information about gradual changes in the iron supply to the marrow.

What does ZPP stand for?

Zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) is a compound found in red blood cells when heme production is inhibited by lead and/or by lack of iron. Instead of incorporating a ferrous ion, to form heme, protoporphyrin IX, the immediate precursor of heme, incorporates a zinc ion, forming ZPP.

What is the normal level of lead in blood?

Normal Results Adults: Less than 10 micrograms per deciliter (µg/dL) or 0.48 micromoles per liter (µmol/L) of lead in the blood.

What is the lead blood test called?

Lead is sometimes tested with a “fingerstick” test. The health professional will clean your child’s finger, then prick the tip of it with a tiny needle (or lancet) to collect the blood.

Why is my serum iron high?

When iron counts are too high, it could indicate that a person is consuming too much iron. High iron levels can also occur if a person has a disease called hereditary hemochromatosis. Additional causes of high iron counts include: chronic liver disease, including liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatitis.

What happens if ferritin is high?

If a ferritin test shows higher than normal levels, it could indicate that you have a condition that causes your body to store too much iron. It could also point to liver disease, rheumatoid arthritis, other inflammatory conditions or hyperthyroidism.

Can I check my iron levels at home?

As there are no-known at home remedies to accurately check iron levels from home, the best way to check is with an at-home iron test.

How is Protoporphyrin formed?

The precursor compound, protoporphyrin III is synthesized from glycine and succinyl-CoA in three steps: (1) synthesis of δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), (2) formation of porphobilinogen, and (3) synthesis of protoporphyrin. Heme is obtained by adding an atom of ferrous iron to protoporphyrin.

What is the difference between porphyrin and Protoporphyrin?

The key difference between porphyrin and protoporphyrin is that porphyrin is a group of aromatic chemicals which has four modified pyrrole subunits interconnected to each other, whereas protoporphyrin is a derivative of porphyrin which has propionic acid groups.

Which is the best definition of a ZPP set?

ZPP is the class of sets for which any random string is likely to be a witness of x in X, or x not in X, which ever the case may be. Connecting this definition with other definitions of RP, co-RP and ZPP is easy.

What are the results of the ZPP blood test?

ZPP Blood Test Results Fully Explained. The ZPP blood test measures the amount of zinc protoporphyrin that is present. There are two primary reasons why this test is ordered. 1. To determine if there has been lead exposure in adults. 2. To determine if there is an iron deficiency in children.

What does ZPP stand for in Turing machine?

Alternatively, ZPP can be defined as the class of problems for which a probabilistic Turing machine exists with these properties: It always runs in polynomial time. It returns an answer YES, NO or DO NOT KNOW. The answer is always either DO NOT KNOW or the correct answer.

What is the purpose of zinc protoporphyrin ( ZPP )?

Zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) is primarily ordered to help detect iron deficiency in children and to detect and monitor chronic exposure to lead in adults. ZPP is a substance that is normally found in small amounts in red blood cells.