What are the 3 stages of multiple myeloma?

Multiple myeloma stages and types

• Durie-Salmon Staging. In this system, there are three stages of myeloma: Stage I, Stage II, and Stage III.
• International Staging System (ISS)
• Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)
• Asymptomatic (smoldering/indolent) myeloma.
• Symptomatic (active) myeloma.

Can lung cancer lead to multiple myeloma?

Malignant myeloma (MM) is a clonal proliferation of plasma cells with multiple osteolytic lesions. Extramedullary dissemination of multiple myeloma in lung is relatively uncommon. Hereby, we present a case of multiple myeloma with lung plasmacytoma of lung in a 45-years-old, non-smoker, female.

Does multiple myeloma have staging?

Multiple myeloma is staged using the Revised International Staging System (RISS) based on 4 factors: The amount of albumin in the blood.

What is the early stage of multiple myeloma?

This earliest phase is called smoldering multiple myeloma. When you have it, you won’t have any symptoms, but your test results will show: At least 10% to 59% of your bone marrow is made up of cancerous plasma cells. You have the abnormal antibodies that myeloma cells make in your blood or urine.

How are the stages of multiple myeloma determined?

The Revised International Staging System. Multiple myeloma is staged using the Revised International Staging System (RISS) based on 4 factors: The specific gene abnormalities (cytogenetics) of the cancer. *The bone marrow may be sent for tests to look at the chromosomes in the cancer cells.

How does the R-ISS determine stage of myeloma?

The R-ISS divides myeloma into stages I, II and III based on the results of various blood tests that check: levels of beta-2 microglobulin (ß2M) – a protein produced by myeloma cells that indicates the extent of disease levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) – an enzyme released into the blood when cells are damaged or destroyed

How is the clinical stage of lung cancer determined?

NSCLC is typically given a clinical stage based on the results of a physical exam, biopsy, and imaging tests (as described in Tests for Lung Cancer). If surgery is done, the pathologic stage (also called the surgical stage ) is determined by examining tissue removed during the operation.

What are the symptoms of smoldering multiple myeloma?

Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) or asymptomatic myeloma. People who are diagnosed with SMM have higher levels of M protein and more plasma cells in the bone marrow than people with MGUS. However, there is still no evidence of symptoms or signs of myeloma, such as significant bone disease or anemia.