What are drug receptor interactions?

These are defined as proteins on or within the cell that bind with specificity to particular drugs, chemical messenger substances or hormones and mediate their effects on the body.

What is the principle of drug receptor interaction?

Molecules (eg, drugs, hormones, neurotransmitters) that bind to a receptor are called ligands. The binding can be specific and reversible. A ligand may activate or inactivate a receptor; activation may increase or decrease a particular cell function. Each ligand may interact with multiple receptor subtypes.

What is the role of receptors in pharmacodynamics?

Receptors mediate the actions of pharmacologic agonists and antagonists. Some drugs and many natural ligands, such as hormones and neurotransmitters, regulate the function of receptor macromolecules as agonists; this means that they activate the receptor to signal as a direct result of binding to it.

What are the factors affecting drug receptor interaction?

The presence of other drugs/supplements/foods, aging, genetic mutations, and disorders can increase (up-regulate) or decrease (down-regulate) the number and binding affinity of receptors. For example, excessive caffeine intake up-regulates adenosine receptors and causes tolerance to the effects of the drug.

How does pharmacodynamics relate to drug interactions?

It deals with the interaction of drugs with receptors, the molecular consequences of these interactions, and their effects in the patient. A fundamental principle of pharmacodynamics is that drugs only modify underlying biochemical and physiological processes; they do not create effects de novo. II.

Why are receptor interactions important in drug development?

Drug-receptor interactions have been important in: New drug development Therapeutic decisions Major roles of receptors: Determines quantitative relationships between drug dose and pharmacological effect. Determines drug action selectivity

How is pharmacodynamics related to the dose response curve?

This relationship is described by the dose–response curve, which plots the drug dose (or concentration) against its effect. This important pharmacodynamic relationship can be influenced by patient factors (e.g. age, disease) and by the presence of other drugs that compete for binding at the same receptor (e.g. receptor ‘antagonists’).

How are drug interactions related to intrinsic efficacy?

Drug–Receptor Interactions. A drug’s ability to affect a given receptor is related to the drug’s affinity (probability of the drug occupying a receptor at any given instant) and intrinsic efficacy (intrinsic activity—degree to which a ligand activates receptors and leads to cellular response).