Is xanthine a diuretic?

Caffeine has long been considered practically useless, so far as its diuretic action in human beings is concerned, and the term “xanthine diuretic” is therefore restricted to theobromine and theophylline, both of which are frequently employed in combination with other substances.

Which type of diuretics are the most commonly used for CHF?

Furosemide is by far the most common oral loop diuretic, but patients with resistance to oral furosemide therapy may benefit from trials with second-generation oral loop diuretics (bumetanide and torasemide).

Why are diuretics used in CHF?

Diuretics, better known as “water pills,” help the kidneys get rid of unneeded water and salt. This makes it easier for your heart to pump. These medicines may be used to treat high blood pressure and ease the swelling and water buildup caused by many medical problems, including heart failure.

Can diuretics be given to patient with CHF?

The clinical and functional effects of diuretics. Effective diuretic therapy provides impressive symptomatic relief in patients with CHF. Haemodynamically, forced diuresis results in a decrease in pulmonary circulation wedge pressure, and stroke volume and cardiac output decrease initially.

What are the signs of xanthine toxicity?

Symptoms of overdose may include unusually fast or slow heartbeat, loss of appetite, nausea/vomiting, sleeplessness, irritability, restlessness, headache, increased thirst, fever, ringing in ears, delirium, muscle twitching or weakness, seizures, sweating, or fast breathing.

Is caffeine a xanthine?

Caffeine is the most important xanthine alkaloid. It is a mildly stimulant drug found in tea, coffee, cocoa, and the kola nut and is usually associated with the alkaloids theophylline and theobromine, which are mild cardiac stimulants.

How do they remove fluid from congestive heart failure?

The current in-hospital treatment for CHF involves removal of excess fluid with diuretic medication and/or ultrafiltration in which a machine bypasses the kidneys and filters water and salt from the body. However, these treatments can have unwanted side effects such as low blood pressure and worsening kidney function.

How does Lasix help with congestive heart failure?

They help your body get rid of unneeded water and salt through urine. That makes it easier for your heart to pump and to control blood pressure. Examples of diuretics include: Lasix (furosemide)

What is the best medication for congestive heart failure?

What is the best medication for congestive heart failure?

Why is furosemide used for CHF?

Furosemide is given to help treat fluid retention (edema) and swelling that is caused by congestive heart failure, liver disease, kidney disease, or other medical conditions. It works by acting on the kidneys to increase the flow of urine.

Which drug relieves the symptoms of edema caused by heart failure?

Diuretics are the most commonly prescribed class of drugs in chronic heart failure patients and in the short term they remain the most efficacious treatment for relief from fluid congestion.

Which bronchodilator drug is related to xanthine?

Theophylline is a bronchodilator that is used in patients with reversible bronchospasm associated with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

What are the major pharmacologic actions of xanthine derivatives?

The major pharmacologic actions of the xanthines are inhibition of tissue phosphodiesterases which i … The xanthine derivatives are agents that resemble natural occurring xanthines such as caffeine, theobromine and methylxanthines. These are plant alkaloids and components of coffee, tea and chocolate.

How are xanthines used in coffee and tea?

These are plant alkaloids and components of coffee, tea and chocolate. The major pharmacologic actions of the xanthines are inhibition of tissue phosphodiesterases which increases cellular cyclic AMP levels by inhibition of its breakdown and metabolism. The xanthines also are adenosine receptor antagonists.

Where does the diuretic effect of caffeine come from?

Caffeine competitively antagonizes the adenosine receptors (AR), which are G protein-coupled receptors largely distributed throughout the body, including brain, heart, vessels and kidneys. Caffeine consumption has a well-known diuretic effect.

Are there any side effects to taking xanthine?

The xanthines have many minor side effects (anxiety, nervousness, tremor, headache, dizziness) but are largely well tolerated in the doses used to treat asthma and chronic bronchitis.