How do you manage upper GI bleeding?

Current guidelines recommend a regimen of an intravenous (IV) PPI 80-mg bolus, followed by a continuous infusion of 8 mg/hour for 72 hours. Lau et al demonstrated that high-dose IV omeprazole can accelerate the resolution of the stigmata of recent hemorrhage and reduce the need for endoscopic therapy.

What are the tasks of endoscopy in a patient with gastrointestinal bleeding?

Endoscopy has a high sensitivity and specificity for locating and identifying bleeding lesions in the upper GI tract. In addition, once a bleeding lesion has been identified, therapeutic endoscopy can achieve acute hemostasis and prevent recurrent bleeding in most patients.

What is first line diagnostic management for upper gastrointestinal bleeding?

In most circumstances, the standard of care for the initial diagnostic evaluation of suspected acute GI bleeding is urgent upper endoscopy and/or colonoscopy, as recommended by guidelines from the American College of Gastroenterology and the 2010 International Consensus Recommendations[20,27].

How do you stop bleeding from endoscopy?

The current endoscopic modalities to treat nonvariceal upper GI bleeding include injection therapy (typically of diluted adrenaline), thermal coagulation therapy and mechanical treatments (clips and band ligators).

When to use endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding?

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding remains a common cause of emergency admission to hospital worldwide. After resuscitation and medical therapy as appropriate, endoscopy, including provision of endoscopic therapy if required, is of critical importance to patient management and improves outcomes.

When to go to the ER for upper GI bleeding?

Upper GI bleeding (UGIB) refers to bleeding originating from sites in the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum. Nearly 80% of patients visiting emergency departments for UGIB are admitted to the hospital with that principal diagnosis (2).

Which is the best medicine for upper gastrointestinal bleeding?

Aspirin is the most widely studied antithrombotic drug in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Stratification of patients must be based on whether aspirin is given for secondary or primary cardiovascular prevention.

What are the signs and symptoms of upper gastrointestinal bleeding?

Algorithm for the management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Important historical information includes the presence of abdominal pain; coffee-ground–like emesis; dysphagia; black, tarry stools; bright red blood per rectum; hematemesis; and chest pain.