What type of enzyme is aconitase?

Mitochondrial aconitase is a citric acid cycle enzyme responsible for the citrate-isocitrate conversion. An isoform in the cytoplasm performs an analogous reaction. Mitochondrial aconitase is highly sensitive to superoxide, peroxynitrite and H2O2.

What does aconitase do in the TCA cycle?

Mitochondrial aconitase converts citrate to isocitrate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and serves as a TCA cycle regulatory enzyme sensitive to oxidation.

What is the function of the enzyme aconitase?

The enzyme aconitase is a key player in the central pathway of energy production. As part of the citric acid cycle, it converts citrate into isocitrate.

What kind of reaction is catalyzed by aconitase?

Aconitase from pig (PDB 7acn) is a single polypeptide (Mr 83kD) that catalyzes the reversible isomerization of citrate and isocitrate. It is the second enzyme in the Citric acid cycle, which is a series of enzyme-catalysed chemical reactions that is crucial to aerobic cellular respiration and the production of ATP.

What happens if aconitase is inhibited?

CCA by inhibition of the pyruvate-dehydrogenase, aconitase, and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase that contribute in tricarboxylic acid cycle and also inhibition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase can impair production of cellular energy and conversion to anaerobic glycolysis, resulting in increasing acidosis with …

Is aconitase a isomerase?

The iron-responsive element-binding protein (IRE-BP) and 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase (α-isopropylmalate isomerase; EC 4.2. 1.33), an enzyme catalysing the second step in the biosynthesis of leucine, are known aconitase homologues.

Is aconitase a Dehydratase?

Structure of aconitase. Aconitase (aconitate hydratase; EC 4.2. 1.3) is an enzyme that catalyses the stereo-specific isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, a non-redox-active process.

What is the role of aconitase in the TCA cycle?

Aconitase is an iron-sulfur protein that is involved in the first step of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and oxidative inactivation of its iron-sulfur cluster by superoxide leads to iron toxicity and peroxide production. From: Autophagy: Cancer, Other Pathologies, Inflammation, Immunity, Infection, and Aging: Volume 4, 2014

Which is an intermediate product of aconitate hydratase?

Aconitase (aconitate hydratase) catalyzes the reversible isomerization of citrate and isocitrate as part of the TCA cycle. Cis-aconitate is formed as an intermediate product during the course of the reaction. In eukaryotes two isozymes of aconitase are known to exist: one found in the mitochondrial matrix and the other found in the cytoplasm.

How is the crystal structure of aconitase obtained?

The crystals of the complex formed on addition of fluorocitrate to aconitase (enzyme-inhibitor complex) were obtained by the vapor diffusion method under anaerobic conditions at room temperature as described ( 20 ). The enzyme solution was incubated for 18 h at room temperature before being used for crystallization.

What are the different types of aconitases in mammals?

Mammalian tissues encode two different aconitases, mitochondrial, m-acon and cytosolic, c-acon. Cytosolic aconitase is a bifunctional protein, which upon the loss of its Fe–S cluster is converted from an enzyme to iron-regulatory protein-1 (IRP1) [ 4, 6, 7 ]. This may occur when the intracellular concentration of iron drops to suboptimal levels.