What is the triple response of ethylene?

Ethylene causes what is known as the “triple response” in plants: it causes plants to have short shoots, fat shoots, and increased lateral root growth. In seedlings, ethylene also stimulates root hair production by the radicle.

How do plants respond to ethylene?

Ethylene also mediates adaptive responses to a variety of stresses, such as drought, flooding, pathogen attack and high salinity. During flooding, for instance, ethylene induces the formation of aerenchyma tissue (consisting of air-filled cavities) for oxygenation.

What is the triple response to mechanical stress?

Ethylene-induced inhibition of hypocotyl and root elongation, induction of radial swelling, and the formation of an exaggerated apical hook comprise the three components of what is frequently referred to as the triple response (Guzmán and Ecker 1990; Abeles and others 1992).

What is the adaptive significance of increased ethylene production in response to wounding and stress?

Ethylene is considered to be a wound or stress hormone. It elicits adaptive responses at the time of any stress or wound. At the time of severe drought stress, it is accompanied by leaf abscission, which leads to reduction in evaporative surface of the affected plant. This is an adaptive response by the plant.

How does the triple response of ethylene work?

The physiological action of ethylene causes the so-called triple response which involves a reduction in elongation, swelling of the hypocotyl and a change in the direction of growth. There is an increase in stem diameter which indicates that lateral growth as opposed to longitudinal growth is favoured by ethylene.

How does ethylene glycol affect the central nervous system?

Agent Characteristics. It and its toxic byproducts first affect the central nervous system (CNS), then the heart, and finally the kidneys. Ingestion of sufficient amounts can be fatal. Ethylene glycol is odorless; odor does not provide any warning of inhalation exposure to hazardous concentrations.

Which is the correct solution for ethylene glycol?

Instead solutions based on propylene glycol are commonly used. Specific heat, viscosity and specific weight of a water and ethylene glycol solution vary significantly with the percent of ethylene glycol and the temperature of the fluid.

When does Stage 2 of ethylene glycol toxicity occur?

The course of ethylene glycol toxicity is classically divided into three broad overlapping categories of adverse health effects. Stage 1 (the neurological stage) lasts from 30 minutes to 12 hours after ingestion. Stage 2 (the cardiopulmonary stage) occurs between 12 and 24 hours after ingestion.