What is the concentration of chondrocytes in hyaline cartilage?

Hyaline cartilage has a high water content (75 wt%) but has no nerves or blood vessels (Aigner & Stove, 2003; Temenoff & Mikos, 2000). The cartilage ECM is rich in collagen type II and includes a low number of chondrocytes (< 10 wt%) with a low proliferation rate.

Where is Aggrecan found?

articular cartilage
ABSTRACT. Aggrecan is the major proteoglycan in the articular cartilage. This molecule is important in the proper functioning of articular cartilage because it provides a hydrated gel structure (via its interaction with hyaluronan and link protein) that endows the cartilage with load-bearing properties.

Does hyaline contain chondrocytes?

Hyaline cartilage consists of fine type II collagen fibers, chondrocytes (matrix producing cells), and the extracellular matrix (or ground substance).

What is the distribution of hyaline cartilage?

Hyaline cartilage, the most widely distributed form, has a pearl-gray semitranslucent matrix containing randomly oriented collagen fibrils but relatively little elastin. It is normally found on surfaces of joints and in the cartilage making up the fetal skeleton.

What is the main function of hyaline cartilage?

Abstract. Hyaline cartilage is found in the synovial joints and assists the motion of joints. It is composed of chondrocytes and extracellular matrix. Chondrocytes plays a major role in the organization of extracellular matrix, which is responsible for the biomechanical properties of cartilage tissue.

What type of cell is hyaline cartilage?

chondrocytes
The main cell types in cartilage are chondrocytes, the ground substance is chondroitin sulfate, and the fibrous sheath is called perichondrium. There are three types of cartilage: hyaline, fibrous, and elastic cartilage. Hyaline cartilage is the most widespread type and resembles glass.

What is difference between glycoprotein and proteoglycan?

The main difference between proteoglycan and glycoprotein is that in proteoglycans, one or more glycosaminoglycan chains are attached to the protein while in glycoproteins, oligosaccharide chains are attached to proteins.

Where is hyaline cartilage found?

Hyaline cartilage is found in the synovial joints and assists the motion of joints. It is composed of chondrocytes and extracellular matrix. Chondrocytes plays a major role in the organization of extracellular matrix, which is responsible for the biomechanical properties of cartilage tissue.

What replaces hyaline cartilage?

Endochondral ossification involves the replacement of hyaline cartilage with bony tissue. Most of the bones of the skeleton are formed in this manner. These bones are called endochondral bones. In this process, the future bones are first formed as hyaline cartilage models.

What are the characteristics of hyaline cartilage?

Hyaline cartilage is pearl-grey in color, with a firm consistency and has a considerable amount of collagen. It contains no nerves or blood vessels, and its structure is relatively simple.

What is the structure and function of hyaline cartilage?

What are examples of glycoproteins?

Some of the examples where glycoproteins are found naturally:

• collagen.
• mucins.
• transferrin.
• ceruloplasmin.
• immunoglobulins.
• antibodies.
• histocompatibility antigens.
• hormones (e.g. follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, erythropoietin, alpha-fetoprotein)

How are aggkd cells affected by chondrogenesis?

AggKD cells had significantly reduced expression of Col2a1 and Col10a1 (p<0.0001) with only minimal increases in expression over time, indicating that chondrogenesis was markedly impaired.

How is the aggrecan gene linked to short stature?

Heterozygous defects in the aggrecan gene have been identified as a cause of autosomal dominant short stature, bone age acceleration, and premature growth cessation. The mechanisms accounting for this phenotype remain unknown.

How is aggrecan deficiency related to autosomal dominant short stature?

Heterozygous defects in the aggrecan gene have been identified as a cause of autosomal dominant short stature, bone age acceleration, and premature growth cessation. The mechanisms accounting for this phenotype remain unknown. We used ATDC5 cells, an established model of chondrogenesis, to evaluate the effects of aggrecan deficiency.

What are the effects of aggrecan deficiency in chicks?

Homozygous mutations in the aggrecan gene and aggrecan deficiency are associated with cartilage matrix deficiency in mice and nanomelia in chicks that exhibit severe dwarfism and premature death [ 6 – 8 ]. The growth plates in nanomelic chicks show abnormal morphology including higher cell density and reduced intercellular matrix.