What is mesangial Hypercellularity?

Abstract. Diffuse mesangial hypercellularity (DMH) is a rare primary mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis associated with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS).

What is glomerular Hyalinosis?

Definition. Segmental glomerular degeneration with a glassy appearance (hyalinosis) caused by the accumulation of plasma proteins in the glomeruli. [

What is globally Sclerosed?

Globally sclerotic glomeruli (GSG) occur with both normal aging and kidney disease. However, it is unknown whether any GSG or only GSG exceeding that expected for age is clinically important.

What is Denys Drash Syndrome?

General Discussion. Denys-Drash syndrome (DDS) is characterized by abnormal kidney function (congenital nephropathy), a cancerous tumor of the kidney called Wilms tumor, and disorders of sexual development in affected males. Most affected females have normal genitalia.

What is the function of mesangial cells?

Mesangial cells lie close to the capillary lumen and play an important role in glomerular hemodynamics and immune complex clearance. The mesangial cells produce a matrix made up of collagen, fibronectin, and proteglycans that supports the glomerular capillaries.

What is mild mesangial Hypercellularity?

Diagnosis: Minimal change disease, hypercellular variant Diffuse mesangial hypercellularity is a well described microscopic change in some cases of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. This histopathological pattern is thought to account for 2–10% of all patients with nephrotic syndrome.

What does it mean when you have scarring on your kidneys?

Kidney scarring, or ‘fibrosis’ is the primary cause of kidney disease and is triggered by factors including diabetes, autoimmune disease and high blood pressure, regular use of certain medications and prolonged infections.

What is Perlman syndrome?

Perlman syndrome causes overgrowth in infancy and affects many different parts of the body. Babies with Perlman syndrome are bigger than most babies and have large heads, kidneys, and livers. In addition, they may have low muscle tone, distinctive facial features, and developmental delay.

What are the symptoms of WAGR syndrome?

The first signs of this cancer may be blood in the urine, a low-grade fever, loss of appetite, weight loss, lack of energy or swelling of the abdomen. Aniridia: In infants who are born with aniridia that is associated with WAGR syndrome, the irises of the eyes fail to develop normally before birth.

What is the function of Intraglomerular mesangial cells?

There are five known functions of intraglomerular mesangial cells: structural support of glomerular capillaries, regulation of the glomerular filtration rate, mesangial matrix formation, phagocytosis, and monitoring of capillary lumen glucose concentration. Intraglomerular mesangial cells have contractile activity.

What do mesangial cells secrete?

Mesangial cells are also specialized cells and have many important functions. They secrete an extracellular matrix substance (mesangial matrix) rich in laminin and fibronectin that helps support the capillary tuft. Some mesangial cells contain actomyosin filaments and are contractile.

What is the medical term for diffuse mesangial sclerosis?

The term diffuse mesangial sclerosis (DMS) indicates a characteristic glomerular histological alteration that occurs in childhood nephrotic syndrome and is associated with genetic alterations.

How are mesangial cells related to sclerosis?

In both of these experimental models it has been speculated that the intraglomerular hypertension is directly related to the mesangial cell dysfunction which leads to sclerosis. Mesangial cells are quite irregular in shape with many processes extending from the cell body toward the GBM (see Figs. 1.7 and 1.8 ).

How are mesangial cells used in chronic renal disease?

Mesangial cells have been shown to express Gb3 receptors and when exposed to ST-1 mesangial cells demonstrated inhibition of protein synthesis that was potentiated by preincubation with IL-1a or TNF-α. Ton J. Rabelink, Dick de Zeeuw, in Chronic Renal Disease, 2015

What kind of diseases are associated with mesangial cell injury?

Mesangial cell injury directly or indirectly contributes to a wide variety of glomerular diseases. Mesangioproliferative diseases are typically associated with mesangial Ig deposition and comprise primary diseases such as IgA nephropathy, mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis, and systemic diseases such as lupus nephritis.