What does the hockey stick graph tell us?

The “hockey stick” graph shows the average global temperature over the past 1,000 years. The graph was a pioneering attempt to put together data from hundreds of studies of past temperature using “proxies” from analysing things like tree rings, lake sediments and ice cores.

What is the hockey stick method?

A hockey stick chart is a chart characterized by a sharp increase after a relatively flat and quiet period. It is generally observed in scientific research measuring medical results or environmental studies. In cases of business sales, a hockey stick chart is represented by a sudden and dramatic increase in sales.

What is the hockey stick plot?

Mann is most famously known for the “hockey stick,” a plot of the past millennium’s temperature that shows the drastic influence of humans in the 20th century. Specifically, temperature remains essentially flat until about 1900, then shoots up, like the upturned blade of a hockey stick.

Who came up with the hockey stick graph?

Michael Mann
An extra 10,000 years worth of data in the new study allows scientists to look deeper into earth’s history. And as climate scientist Michael Mann, creator of the original “hockey stick” graph told Carbon Brief today: “This new study extends and strengthens that result even further.”

Was it hotter in the Middle Ages?

During the Medieval Warm Period, roughly from 800 to 1200 AD, temperatures rose a few degrees above average. That warming has been connected to improved crop yields in parts of Europe, and the temporary Viking occupation of Greenland.

Why is a field hockey stick curve?

The curved head of a field hockey stick provides a larger surface area with which to stop and hit the hockey ball. Today, the heads of most field hockey sticks are “hooked” upwards. FIH regulations dictate that the head must be J or U shaped and that the hook may not be more than about 4 inches (100mm) deep.

What is the hockey stick pattern in Pascal’s Triangle?

The hockey stick identity gets its name by how it is represented in Pascal’s triangle. In Pascal’s triangle, the sum of the elements in a diagonal line starting with 1 is equal to the next element down diagonally in the opposite direction. Circling these elements creates a “hockey stick” shape: 1 + 3 + 6 + 10 = 20.

What is a hockey stick made of?

How are they made? Carbon fiber threads woven together and coated with plastic resin. As many as 15 sheets of carbon fiber fabric are fused together, layered in opposite directions for strength, to form the hollow shaft. Blades begin with a hard foam plastic core wrapped in graphite.

When was the Little Ice Age?

1303 – 1860
Little Ice Age/Periods

What was the coldest century in the last 1000 years?

The coldest decade of the last 1,000 years has been identified as the 1430s – and the icy weather led to a rise in starvation and disease across Europe. The period was characterised by freezing winters and average to warm summers which disrupted food supplies.

Should a hockey stick be bent?

Bow choice will depend on preference, age and skill level. The more bend the stick has the easier it will be to use lifted shots, aerials and dragflicks. Having less bend will improve control and you are less likely to accidentally lift the ball.

What is the controversy about the hockey stick graph?

This article is about the controversy. For other uses, see Hockey stick graph. In the hockey stick controversy, the data and methods used in reconstructions of the temperature record of the past 1000 years have been disputed.

What does the red curve on the hockey stick mean?

The red curve shows measured global mean temperature, according to HadCRUT 4 data from 1850 to 2013. Hockey stick graphs present the global or hemispherical mean temperature record of the past 500 to 2000 years as shown by quantitative climate reconstructions based on climate proxy records.

What kind of Science is the hockey stick?

The hockey stick, in contrast, is the result of a field of research called paleoclimatology (the study of past climates) that, while fascinating, only provides one thread of evidence among many for what we’re doing to the planet. Meanwhile, the hockey stick’s blade doesn’t just stop rising of its own accord.

Are there any reconstructions of the hockey stick?

Most later temperature reconstructions fall within the error bars of the original hockey stick. Some show far more variability leading up to the 20 th century than the hockey stick, but none suggest that it has been warmer at any time in the past 1000 years than in the last part of the 20 th century.