Is MBL deficiency an autoimmune disease?

MBL deficiency predisposes both to infection by extra-cellular pathogens and to autoimmune disease.

What causes MBL deficiency?

MBL deficiency is caused by changes in the MBL2 gene . However, it is important to note that changes in this gene are very common in the general population. Treatment for individuals with recurrent infections and MBL deficiency may include antibiotics to treat bacterial infections and regular vaccinations.

How do you test for MBL deficiency?

Common infections in MBL deficiency are due to viruses, e.g. influenza and bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The diagnosis is made using a sample of the patient’s blood. This is tested to see if the MBL protein is present in normal levels or is reduced.

What is normal mannose binding lectin?

Normal serum levels of MBL range from 800 to 1000 ng/ml in healthy Caucasians, however, wide variations can occur due to point mutations in codons 52, 54 and 57 of exon 1 and/or in the promotor region of the MBL gene [3].

What is MBL deficiency?

Mannose-binding lectin deficiency is a condition that affects the immune system. People with this condition have low levels (deficiency) of an immune system protein called mannose-binding lectin in their blood. Whether this deficiency makes affected individuals prone to recurrent infections is not clear.

What is c2 deficiency?

Collapse Section. Complement component 2 deficiency is a disorder that causes the immune system to malfunction, resulting in a form of immunodeficiency. Immunodeficiencies are conditions in which the immune system is not able to protect the body effectively from foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses.

What is MBL?

Abstract. Monoclonal B lymphocytosis (MBL) is defined as the presence of a clonal B-cell population in the peripheral blood with fewer than 5 × 109/L B-cells and no other signs of a lymphoproliferative disorder. The majority of cases of MBL have the immunophenotype of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

What is MBL in immunology?

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a pattern recognition molecule of the innate immune system. It belongs to the collectin family of proteins in which lectin (carbohydrate-recognition) domains are found in association with collagenous structures.

Does coffee contain lectins?

Lectin is a carbohydrate-binding protein that can be found in varying amounts in most plants, including beans, pulses, grains, fruits and vegetables (eg, potatoes, tomatoes, sweet potatoes, zucchini, carrots, berries, watermelon), nuts, coffee, chocolate, and some herbs and spices (eg, peppermint, marjoram, nutmeg).

Are avocados high in lectins?

Fats, such as those found in avocados, butter, and olive oil, are allowed on the lectin-free diet. Many types of nuts, such as pecans, pistachios, pine nuts, flax seeds, hemp seeds, sesame seeds, and Brazil nuts, are also allowed. Some kinds of nuts contain lectins, including walnuts, almonds, and sunflower seeds.

How common is MBL deficiency?

Mannose-binding lectin deficiency is thought to affect approximately 5 to 10 percent of people worldwide; however, many affected individuals have no signs or symptoms related to low mannose-binding lectin levels. The condition is more common in certain populations, such as sub-Saharan Africans.

What is complement deficiency?

Complement deficiency is a form of primary immunodeficiency disorder. Deficiency in any component of the complement system can lead to immunocompromise and overwhelming infection and sepsis. Deficiency can be inherited or acquired and complete or partial. Acquired deficiency can be caused by infection.

What does it mean to have IgA deficiency in children?

IgA Deficiency in Children. This immune deficiency is defined as an IgA level under 7 mg/dL with normal IgG and IgM levels in a patient older than 4 years. Normally, IgA is found in body secretions (e.g., saliva, tears, breast milk, intestinal and bronchial secretions) where it binds to pathogens and neutralizes them.

How many people are affected by selective IgA deficiency?

Selective IgA deficiency (SIGAD) is the most common immunodeficiency disorder; it affects about 1 in 200 to 900 persons. 1,2 Most affected children are asymptomatic. However, in rare patients, the deficiency leads to an increased incidence of infection, particularly sinopulmonary infection.

How often should Iga be measured in children?

Conclusion Low or absent IgA levels are frequently found in children in whom immunodeficiency is not suspected. IgA is the most common primary immunodeficiency and studies remain limited in the paediatric population. IgA should be measured at least twice in a child greater than 4 years of age to confirm deficiency.

Who is most at risk for MBL deficiency?

Individuals who are homozygous or compound heterozygous for polymorphisms that lead to MBL deficiency may have lower serum MBL levels and more severe phenotypic manifestations.