How does pregnancy-induced hypertension occur?

Why is pregnancy-induced hypertension a concern? With high blood pressure, there is an increase in the resistance of blood vessels. This may hinder blood flow in many different organ systems in the expectant mother including the liver, kidneys, brain, uterus, and placenta.

What is pregnancy-induced hypertension?

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) complicates 6-10% of pregnancies. It is defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) >140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) >90 mmHg. It is classified as mild (SBP 140-149 and DBP 90-99 mmHg), moderate (SBP 150-159 and DBP 100-109 mmHg) and severe (SBP ≥ 160 and DBP ≥ 110 mmHg).

What is the pathophysiology that leads to gestational hypertension preeclampsia and eclampsia?

Pathophysiology of preeclampsia and eclampsia is poorly understood. Factors may include poorly developed uterine placental spiral arterioles (which decrease uteroplacental blood flow during late pregnancy), a genetic abnormality on chromosome 13, immunologic abnormalities, and placental ischemia or infarction.

What are the causes of gestational hypertension?

What causes gestational hypertension?

• Having high blood pressure before pregnancy or with a past pregnancy.
• Having kidney disease.
• Having diabetes.
• Being younger than 20 years of age or older than 40 years of age.
• Being pregnant with multiples, such as twins or triplets.
• Being African American.

What are the three forms of pregnancy induced hypertension?

There are three main types of high blood pressure during pregnancy:

• Chronic hypertension. This is high blood pressure you had before you became pregnant.
• Gestational hypertension. This is high blood pressure you get after your 20th week of pregnancy.
• Preeclampsia.

How is hypertension diagnosed in pregnancy?

How is gestational hypertension diagnosed?

1. Blood pressure readings.
2. Urine testing to check for protein. This is a sign that your kidneys aren’t working well.
3. Checking for swelling.
4. Checking your weight more often.
5. Liver and kidney function tests.
6. Blood clotting tests.

What is the pathophysiology of severe preeclampsia?

Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia Factors may include poorly developed uterine placental spiral arterioles (which decrease uteroplacental blood flow during late pregnancy), a genetic abnormality on chromosome 13, immunologic abnormalities, and placental ischemia or infarction.

How can I prevent gestational hypertension?

How can I prevent Gestational Hypertension:

1. Use salt as needed for taste.
2. Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day.
3. Increase the amount of protein you take in, and decrease the number of fried foods and junk food you eat.
4. Get enough rest.
5. Exercise regularly.
6. Elevate your feet several times during the day.

What is the treatment for gestational hypertension?

Intravenous (IV) labetalol and hydralazine have long been considered first-line medications for the management of acute-onset, severe hypertension in pregnant women and women in the postpartum period. Available evidence suggests that oral nifedipine also may be considered as a first-line therapy.

What are the symptoms of hypertension in pregnancy?

Symptoms of Hypertension. The most common symptoms of high blood pressure during pregnancy include rapid weight gain, headaches, abdominal pain, changes in vision, abdominal discomfort, kidney trouble, dizziness, ringing in the ears, nausea, vomiting, or problems with your liver function.

What are the risk factors for gestational hypertension?

Our results show that the gestational hypertension development is closely linked with such risk factors as: age ≤ 18 years old and over 35 years old, unmarried status, living in a city/town, post-secondary education, unemployment, obesity, first labor in consecutively pregnant women,…

What is the normal blood pressure during pregnancy?

During pregnancy blood pressure changes in most women. The average blood pressure for pregnancy is 110/70 with normal pressure averaging around 120/80.

When to deliver gestational hypertension?

Most cases of gestational hypertension occur after 36 weeks’ gestation, but the best timing of delivery in this setting remains unknown.

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