Does Aspergillus niger produce gluconic acid?

Aspergillus niger was distinguishable from other species by its capacity to produce substantial amounts of gluconic acid when it was cultivated on a selective medium. The optimized cultural conditions for gluconic acid yields were using submerged culture at 30℃ at initial pH 6.0 for 7 days of incubation.

What enzymes does Aspergillus niger produce?

Aspergillus niger is one of the most important microorganisms in biotechnology. It has been already used to produce extracellular enzymes such as glucose oxidase, pectinase, α-amylase and glucoamylase, organic acids, and recombinant proteins.

What is produced by Aspergillus niger?

Aspergillus niger is a fungal microbe of great industrial importance. This mold is used extensively in the production of citric acid and in the production of several enzymes such as amylases, pectinases, and proteases (Godfrey and West, 1996).

Which acid is produced by Aspergillus?

citric acid
One of the most important fungi used in industrial microbiology, Aspergillus niger, has been employed for many years for the commercial production of citric acid.

Is gluconic acid safe?

Gluconic acid is used in the manufacture of metal, leather, and food. It has been accredited with the capability of inhibiting bitterness in foods. Sodium gluconate is permitted in food and it has GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status.

What is gluconic acid in food?

Gluconic acid, a mild organic acid derived from sugar, mainly used as an acidity regulator and chelating agent in food with the European food additive number E574.

What is Aspergillus niger used for?

Aspergillus niger is one of the most important microorganisms used in biotechnology. It has been in use already for many decades to produce extracellular (food) enzymes and citric acid. In fact, citric acid and many A. niger enzymes are considered GRAS by the United States Food and Drug Administration.

How does Aspergillus niger produce citric acid?

Citric acid is the most important organic acid produced in tonnage and is extensively used in food and pharmaceutical industries. It is produced mainly by submerged fermentation using Aspergillus niger or Candida sp. from different sources of carbohydrates, such as molasses and starch based media.

What does Aspergillus niger look like?

Cultural Characteristics of Aspergillus niger Generally, they have a cottony appearance; initially white to yellow and then turning black. Made up of felt-like conidiophores. The reverse is white to yellow. In microscopy, the conidial heads are radiate with conidiogenous cells biseriate.

Which fungus is used in production of citric acid?

fungus Aspergillus niger
Citric acid is the principal organic acid found in citrus fruits. To meet increasing demands it is produced from carbohydrate feedstock by fermentation with the fungus Aspergillus niger and the yeasts of Candida spp.

Which acid is produced by Lactobacillus?

This antimicrobial activity of lactobacilli is mainly caused by production of lactic, acetic, formic, caproic, propionic, butyric and valeric acids [7].

Where does Aspergillus niger produce gluconic acid?

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2000 Dec;25 (6):298-304. doi: 10.1038/sj.jim.7000101. 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Box 250, 540 06 Thessaloniki, Greece.

How is gluconic acid produced in the food industry?

Gluconic acid is a bulk chemical with many uses in the food, beverage and other industries and is produced commercially by submerged fermentation using Aspergillus niger and glucose as the carbon source ( Singh and Kumar 2007 ).

How is gluconic acid produced in a reactor?

Learn more Batch fermentation of glucose to gluconic acid was conducted using Aspergillus niger under growth and non-growth conditions using pure oxygen and air as a source of oxygen for the fermentation in 2 and 5 l stirred tank reactors (batch reactor). Production of gluconic acid under growth conditions was conducted in a 5 l batch reactor.

How is itaconic acid produced by Aspergillus terreus?

Aim: Aspergillus terreus produces itaconic acid at low pH but lovastatin and other secondary metabolites at higher pH in the fermentation. The utilization of glucose as a carbon substrate was investigated for secondary metabolite production by A. terreus.

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