Which drug causes thiocyanate toxicity?
Which drug causes thiocyanate toxicity?
Sodium nitroprusside causes toxicity by three primary mechanisms: 1) the most common adverse effect is direct vasodilation resulting in hypotension and dysrhythmias; 2) thiocyanate toxicity occurs infrequently, resulting in tinnitus, altered mental status changes, nausea, and abdominal pain; 3) in rare cases, cyanide …
How do you treat nitroprusside toxicity?
Treatment of cyanide toxicity requires the cessation of nitroprusside and, for severe toxicity, use of the cyanide antidote kit. Cyanide toxicity from nitroprusside may be prevented by concomitant administration of sodium thiosulfate infusions.
What medication turns into cyanide?
Sodium nitroprusside is a potent, effective, and readily reversible direct vasodilating agent. It is broken down by hemoglobin into cyanide, which is in part detoxified by liver and kidney to thiocyanate.
Which antianginal drug used in cyanide poisoning?
Drugs used to treat Cyanide Poisoning
| Drug name | Rating | Rx/OTC |
|---|---|---|
| Generic name: amyl nitrite systemic Drug class: antianginal agents For consumers: dosage, interactions, side effects For professionals: Prescribing Information | ||
| View information about sodium thiosulfate sodium thiosulfate | Rate | Rx |
What are the symptoms of thiocyanate intoxication?
Although thiocyanate is less toxic than cyanide, it can still lead to toxicity, especially in the context of impaired renal function. Symptoms and signs of thiocyanate toxicity include confusion, hallucinations, delirium, seizures, fatigue, weakness, miosis, tinnitus, and rash.
Which is less toxic cyanide or thiocyanate in urine?
Specifically, administration of sodium thiosulfate allows for donation of a sulfur atom, converting cyanide to its less toxic metabolite thiocyanate, which is then excreted in the urine. Although thiocyanate is less toxic than cyanide, it can still lead to toxicity, especially in the context of impaired renal function.
How is thiocyanate excreted when taking nitroprusside?
Thiocyanate is usually excreted in the urine. Toxicity can be minimized by avoiding prolonged administration of nitroprusside and by limiting drug use in patients with renal insufficiency. If necessary, thiocyanate can be removed by dialysis.
Where can I find thiocyanate in my body?
It is present in certain plants and foods, cigarette smoke, and the combustible products of synthetic materials. It is also present in medications such as nitroprusside (NP), which consists of an iron molecule bound to five cyanide molecules and one molecule of nitric oxide.