What is the role of EGFR in a cell signaling pathway?

EGFR plays a crucial role in initiating the signaling that directs the behavior of epithelial cells and tumors of epithelial origin. Human EGF is a 53-aa polypeptide, whose molecular weight is 6KDa. EGF can stimulate the cell growth and differentiation by binding to its receptor, EGFR.

What is EGF signaling?

Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) Signaling Background Epidermal growth factor (EGF) siganling control various biologic responses such as proliferation, differentiation, cell motility, and survival. EGFR, also known as ErbB1 / HER1, is a member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK).

What are the main target proteins of the EGFR signaling pathway?

Some of the major signaling pathways initiated by EGFR activation include: Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway, phospholipase C-gamma pathway, and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathway.

What signaling component will be activated by EGF?

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathways leading to G1/S cell cycle progression activated by EGF activation. Depicted are the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK MAPK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathways. EGF activation of the EGFR induces receptor dimerization and transphosphorylation of the C-terminal domain.

How is EGFR activated?

According to the “ligand-induced dimerization model”, EGFR is activated by the ligand-induced dimerization of the receptor monomer, which brings intracellular kinase domains into close proximity for trans-autophosphorylation to initiate downstream signaling cascades.

What regulates EGFR expression?

We have determined the roles of activator protein 1 (AP-1), p63 and early growth response gene 1 (egr-1) in regulating EGFR expression. AP-1 was determined to bind to at least seven sites in the promoter and mediate phorbol ester induced EGFR expression.

What activates EGFR?

What does EGFR-positive mean?

EGFR-positive lung cancer represents about 10-15% of lung cancer in the United States and generally appears in adenocarcinoma subtype of non-small cell lung cancer. Patients with lung cancers with EGFR mutations tend to have minimal to no smoking history.

What is the EGFR pathway?

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway is one of the most important pathways that regulate growth, survival, proliferation, and differentiation in mammalian cells. A map of molecular interactions of the EGFR signaling system is a valuable resource for research in this area.

What is a signaling pathway?

signaling pathway. listen (SIG-nuh-ling …) Describes a group of molecules in a cell that work together to control one or more cell functions, such as cell division or cell death. After the first molecule in a pathway receives a signal, it activates another molecule.

What is EGFR cancer?

EGFR stands for epidermal growth factor receptor, a protein that is present on the surface of both normal cells and cancer cells. EGFR mutations are most common in people with lung adenocarcinoma (a form of non-small cell lung cancer) are more common with lung cancer in non-smokers, and are more common in women than in men.

What is the tyrosine kinase signalling pathway?

Receptor tyrosine kinases are a type of receptor proteins that involve with most of the cell signalling pathways . As the name implies, they are kinase enzymes. Kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups to a substrate. These receptors contain tyrosine kinases that transfer a phosphate group from ATP to tyrosine.

What type of protein for signaling?

All eukaryotes use G proteins for signaling and has evolved a large diversity of G proteins. For instance, humans encode 18 different G α proteins, 5 G β proteins, and 12 G γ proteins. G protein can refer to two distinct families of proteins.