What is the life cycle of Vibrio cholerae?

The life cycle of Vibrio cholerae allows the bacterium to live for years in an aquatic environment, its natural reservoir, where it survives adherent to crustaceans, algae and zooplankton. Under the appropriate environmental conditions, V. Cholerae will multiply and reinitiate the free life cycle.

What are the stages of cholera?

 A typical case of cholera shows 3 stages :

• Stage of evacuation.
• 2 Stage of collapse.
• Stage of collapse.
• Stage of recovery.

What is Vibrio cholera infection?

Cholera is an acute, diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the toxigenic bacterium Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 or O139. An estimated 2.9 million cases and 95,000 deaths occur each year around the world. The infection is often mild or without symptoms, but can be severe.

What is the arrangement of Vibrio cholerae?

V. cholerae is described as a ‘comma-shaped’ bacterium. Unlike Escherichia coli and other bacilli, where the rod-shaped cell is described as a regular cylinder capped by two hemispheres, the V. cholera cell consists of a bent tubular shape capped by hemispheres.

What does Vibrio cholerae use for energy?

Na+-NQR is a respiratory enzyme found on the cell membrane of Vibrio Cholerae. The enzyme creates energy through respiration and uses that energy to pump ions out of the cell, electrically charging the cell membrane and providing power for all the functions of the cell.

What does Vibrio cholerae eat?

Most commonly associated with cholera is seafood, both molluscan shellfish and crustaceans. Seafood may be contaminated in its natural environment or during preparation. Other food items associated with outbreaks are fruit and vegetables, meat, cooked grains, etc.

Why is cholera called the Blue death?

Cholera has been nicknamed the “blue death” because a person’s skin may turn bluish-gray from extreme loss of fluids [4].

How was cholera stopped?

Prior to the discovery, it was widely believed that cholera was spread through dirty air. Dr Snow had the pump’s handle removed and stopped the outbreak.

What is the best treatment for cholera?

Oral or intravenous hydration is the primary treatment for cholera. In conjunction with hydration, treatment with antibiotics is recommended for severely ill patients. It is also recommended for patients who have severe or some dehydration and continue to pass a large volume of stool during rehydration treatment.

What are the characteristics of Vibrio cholerae?

CHARACTERISTICS: Vibrio cholerae is a gram negative, non-spore forming, curved rod that is oxidase positive(1,2,3). It is very motile and has a single polar flagellum(1). The bacterium is 1- 3 µm by 0.5-0.8 µm, is a facultative anaerobe and is part of the Vibronaceae family(1,3).

Why is Vibrio cholerae negative?

The cholera vibrios are Gram-negative, slightly curved rods whose motility depends on a single polar flagellum.

How does Vibrio cholerae survive in the body?

cholerae occupies an ecological niche in the estuarine environment requires that this organism is able to survive the dynamics of physiochemical stresses, including nutrient starvation. As a result of these stresses, bacteria in nature often exist in non-growth or very slow growth states with a low metabolic activity.

What kind of bacteria does Vibrio cholerae have?

Vibrio Cholera. Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative, comma-shaped bacterium. Some strains of V. cholerae cause the disease cholera. V. cholerae is facultatively anaerobic and has a flagellum at one cell pole.

How does a person get sick from cholera?

Cholera is an acute diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with Vibrio cholerae bacteria. People can get sick when they swallow food or water contaminated with cholera bacteria. The infection is often mild or without symptoms, but can sometimes be severe and life-threatening.

What are the two main patterns of cholera?

It produces cholera toxin in the small intestine that results in massive secretory diarrhoea containing billions of vibrios per litre. Cholera has two patterns of disease: endemic disease with sporadic cases and limited outbreaks, and epidemic disease with an exponential rise and fall of cases lasting several months.

How long does it take for cholera to spread from host to host?

Infection with V. cholerae produces a clinical spectrum that ranges from asymptomatic colonization to cholera gravis, the most severe form of the disease (TABLE 1). Following host ingestion of contaminated food or water, V. cholerae colonizes the small intestine for 12 to 72 hours before symptoms appear.