What is Calcular cholecystitis?

Calculous cholecystitis refers to infection and inflammation of the gallbladder wall caused by irritation from gallstones, and this can be an acute or chronic process. The typical imaging features of acute cholecystitis are as follows: gallbladder wall thickening, pericholecystic fluid and a distended gallbladder.

What are sonographic signs secondary signs of acute cholecystitis?

The most sensitive US finding in acute cholecystitis is the presence of cholelithiasis in combination with the sonographic Murphy sign. Both gallbladder wall thickening (>3 mm) and pericholecystic fluid are secondary findings. Other less specific findings include gallbladder distension and sludge.

What lab values indicate acute cholecystitis?

Laboratory Tests

• Leukocytosis with a left shift may be observed in cholecystitis.
• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels are used to evaluate for the presence of hepatitis and may be elevated in cholecystitis or with common bile duct obstruction.

What are the ultrasound results of acute cholecystitis?

Ultrasound The most sensitive US finding in acute cholecystitis is the presence of cholelithiasis in combination with the sonographic Murphy sign. Both gallbladder wall thickening (>3 mm) and pericholecystic fluid are secondary findings. Other less specific findings include gallbladder distension and sludge.

What are the side effects of cholecystitis disease?

Cholecystitis can lead to a number of serious complications, including: Infection within the gallbladder. Death of gallbladder tissue. Torn gallbladder.

How is Hida cholescintigraphy used in acute cholecystitis?

HIDA cholescintigraphy in acute cholecystitis will demonstrate non-visualization of the gallbladder. Cholescintigraphy is unable to demonstrate many complications of cholecystitis, nor the alternative diagnoses which may be found with ultrasound. It is therefore reserved for the evaluation of sonographically equivocal cases.

How long does it take for acute cholecystitis to resolve?

Untreated acute cholecystitis may resolve within 7–10 days. However, complications are common. The most common complication is the development of gallbladder gangrene (2–38% of cases) with subsequent perforation (up to 10% of cases) [ 13, 14 ]. Defects in the gallbladder mucosa or sloughed intraluminal membranes suggest gangrene.