What does the CO1 gene code for?

The CO1 gene codes for a protein that has an essential role in cellular respiration. An electron micrograph showing a mitochrondrion inside a rat cell. The mitochondrion has a double outer membrane and folded inner membrane called cristae.

Where is the COI gene located in the genome?

mitochondrial chromosome
MT-COI is coded for by the mitochondrial chromosome. There are multiple copies of the chromosome in most mitochondria, usually between 2 and 6 per mitochondrion.

Why was the COI gene selected?

These gene regions are chosen because they have less intraspecific (within species) variation than interspecific (between species) variation, which is known as the “Barcoding Gap”.

What is COI sequence?

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) marker gene or DNA barcode sequencing of animals from mixed communities and bulk samples has surged in usage [1]. COI metabarcoding is a scalable method that can take advantage of automated work-flows, improve throughput, and facilitate large-scale studies [2,3].

Where is the MT-CO1 gene located in the mitochondrial genome?

Location of the MT-CO1 gene in the human mitochondrial genome. MT-CO1 is one of the three cytochrome c oxidase subunit mitochondrial genes (orange boxes). Cytochrome c oxidase I (COX1) also known as mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I (MT-CO1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MT-CO1 gene.

What is the length of the CO1 gene?

The total length of CO1 gene in vertebrates is about 1545 bp in length and the region nominated as “barcode” comprises of a standardized 648 bp segment start from 58 to 705 bp region from 5 / terminus. The segment has been defined using mouse mitochondrial genome as reference.

Which is the barcode region of the CO1 gene?

An approximately 650bp region of CO1 known as the barcode region is amplified with degenerate primers followed by DNA sequence analysis by the Sanger method. For insect species a smaller region of approximately 450bp is targeted on the CO1 gene. The obtained DNA sequence is compared against a known standard for species…

How is the COI gene used in evolutionary analysis?

Insect mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) genes are used as a model to examine the within-gene heterogeneity of evolutionary rate and its implications for evolutionary analyses.