What causes GLP-1 secretion?

After a meal, nutrients in the duodenum activate a proximal-distal neuroendocrine loop, which stimulates GLP-1 secretion from L-cells in the ileum and colon.

What is the function of GLP-1?

The main actions of GLP-1 are to stimulate insulin secretion (i.e., to act as an incretin hormone) and to inhibit glucagon secretion, thereby contributing to limit postprandial glucose excursions.

Why is it called GLP-1?

What is glucagon-like peptide 1? Glucagon-like peptide 1 belongs to a family of hormones called the incretins, so-called because they enhance the secretion of insulin. Glucagon-like peptide 1 is a product of a molecule called pre-proglucagon, a polypeptide which is split to produce many hormones, including glucagon.

Where does bombesin come from and what does it do?

Bombesin is a 14- amino acid peptide originally isolated from the skin of the European fire-bellied toad ( Bombina bombina ). It has two known homologs in mammals called neuromedin B and gastrin-releasing peptide. It stimulates gastrin release from G cells. It activates three different G-protein -coupled receptors known as BBR1, -2, and -3.

Who are the members of the Bombesin family?

There are 3 bombesin-like peptide families: bombesin, ranatensin, and phyllolitorin Battey and Wada (1991). Bombesin, gastrin releasing peptide, and gastrin releasing peptide (18–27) belong to the bombesin family, whereas neuromedin B belongs to the ranatensin family. A mammalian member of the phyllolitorin family has not been identified.

Where is bombesin found in a fire bellied toad?

Bombesin was originally isolated from the skin of the fire-bellied toad, B. bombina by Anastasi, Erspamer, and coworkers. 2 Bombesin is a tetradecapeptide with the structure shown in Fig. 2. Bombesin is also found in the skin of other Bombina species including Bombina variegata and Bombina orientalis.

What kind of cancer is caused by bombesin?

It also activates these receptors in the brain. Together with cholecystokinin, it is the second major source of negative feedback signals that stop eating behaviour. Bombesin is also a tumor marker for small cell carcinoma of lung, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and neuroblastoma.