What are the three types of retinal ganglion cells?

The focus of this article is on the anatomy of retinal ganglion cells in primates. The three most common types of ganglion cells in primates are called midget cells, parasol cells, and small bistratified cells, and together they comprise approximately 70% of all ganglion cells.

What does retinal ganglion cells mean?

Retinal ganglion cells process visual information that begins as light entering the eye and transmit it to the brain via their axons, which are long fibers that make up the optic nerve. There are over a million retinal ganglion cells in the human retina, and they allow you to see as they send the image to your brain.

What happens if you have no retinal ganglion cells?

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss is the hallmark of optic neuropathies, including glaucoma, where damage to RGC axons occurs at the level of the optic nerve head. In experimental glaucoma, damage is assessed at the axon level (in the retinal nerve fibre layer and optic nerve head) or at the soma level (in the retina).

Where do retinal ganglion cells send projections to?

Ganglion cell axons exit the retina through a circular region in its nasal part called the optic disk (or optic papilla), where they bundle together to form the optic nerve.

How to purification and culture of retinal ganglion cells?

Here we describe methods for acute purification of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from rodent retina by immunopanning, followed by culture in serum-free medium. Though the method was initially established and verified with rats, we have included modifications for the purification of mouse RGCs.

Where are the retinal ganglion cells located in the brain?

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the projection neurons of the visual system responsible for transmission of signals from the retina to the brain ( Levin, 2005, Rokicki et al., 2007 ).

What kind of markers are found in retinal ganglion cells?

(B–D) Immunocytochemistry confirmed the RGC identity of these cells through the expression of specific markers such as (B) BRN3, (C) ISL1, and (D) SNCG, as well as the extension of long processes indicated by cytoskeletal markers.

Which is the first transformed cell line from rat retinal ganglion?

RGC-5: proposed to be the first transformed cell line from rat retinal ganglion cells The ultimate cause of vision loss in patients with glaucoma is thought to be progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons, and it is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide (1).