How would you describe a normal Fundoscopic exam?

Fundal examination should be an integral part of any eye examination. The cup/disk ratio is slightly larger in the African American population. The normal fundus should be void of any hemorrhages, exudates, or tortuous vasculature.

How do you describe Fundoscopy findings?

Fundoscopy typically reveals severe tortuosity, engorgement of retinal veins, deep haemorrhages, cotton wool spots and optic disc swelling.

What is a hard exudate?

The hard exudates are composed of lipid and proteinaceous material, such as fibrinogen and albumin that leak from the impaired blood–retinal barrier. They are deposited primarily in the outer plexiform layer of the retina. 1-3. With optical coherence tomography (OCT), hard exudates are observed as hyperreflective foci.

What should I look for in a Fundoscopy?

• Disc. margins are sharp. color: yellowish orange to creamy pink. shape: round or oval.
• Vessels. AV ratio. AV crossing: no indentation. No arterial light reflex.
• Fundus background. No exudates or hemorrhages. color : red to purplish.
• Macula. macula is located 2.5 disc distance temporal to disc. no vessels are noted around Macula.

What do you need to know about the funduscopic examination?

The Funduscopic Examination – Clinical Methods – NCBI Bookshelf Funduscopic examination is a routine part of every doctor’s examination of the eye, not just the ophthalmologist’s. It consists exclusively of inspection. One looks through the ophthalmoscope (Figure 117.1), which is simply a light with various optical modifications, including lenses.

What’s the best way to check your fundus?

Method Of Exam 1 Keep both yours and the person’s eyes 2 Have the patient focus on a distant object 3 Look at right fundus with your right eye 4 Ophthalmoscope should be close to your eyes. 5 Set the lens opening at +8 to +10 diopters.

What causes clear and wet discharge after fundoscopy?

Clear and wet discharge is usually physiological or due to allergy, whereas sticky discharge is an indicator of infection and is common in infectious conjunctivitis, orbital cellulitis and blepharitis. Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva, a heavily vascularised epithelial layer covering the sclera.

What do you need to know about fundoscopy in OSCE?

This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Fundoscopy (ophthalmoscopy) frequently appears in OSCEs and you’ll be expected to pick up the relevant clinical signs using your examination skills. This guide provides a step-by-step approach to performing fundoscopy. It also includes a video demonstration.