How do you use a comma with including?

Whether “including” requires a comma will depend on what the word is doing in your sentence. If it is part of a non-restrictive or unessential clause or phrase, you need a comma. On the other hand, if “including” is the start of a phrase that is essential to your sentence’s meaning, you should not add a comma.

What punctuation do you use after including?

A few other points about ‘such as’ and ‘including’: Do not use a colon (:) after one of these terms; they are meant to directly introduce the relevant examples. It is acceptable to use a colon following a phrase such as “including the following:” at the end of a complete statement (independent clause).

How do you use including?

You use including to introduce examples of people or things that are part of the group of people or things that you are talking about. Stars including Joan Collins are expected to attend. many conditions, including allergies, hyperactivity and tooth decay.

Do you put a comma before including but not limited to?

What punctuation is required for “including but not limited to”? No punctuation is required, but commas after including and to would work just fine; they may be helpful if the phrase introduces a long or complex list. Dashes would work as well.

Where do I add a comma?

Comma Use

1. Use commas to separate independent clauses when they are joined by any of these seven coordinating conjunctions: and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet.
2. Use commas after introductory a) clauses, b) phrases, or c) words that come before the main clause.

What are the 8 rules for commas?

What are the 8 rules for commas?

• Use a comma to separate independent clauses.
• Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase.
• Use a comma between all items in a series.
• Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses.
• Use a comma to set off appositives.
• Use a comma to indicate direct address.

Are including but not limited to?

The expression “including, but not limited to” arose and is usually used in legal or other official contexts. It isn’t really necessary, as a simple ‘including’ has the same legal force. The word ‘including’ doesn’t suggest exclusivity, so the ‘not limited to’ is superfluous.

Does including mean in addition to?

include Add to list Share. The verb include means to consider as a part of something. The verb include also means adding something (or someone) to a category or group. Once you try bungee jumping, you might want to include, or add, that to your list of favorite things.

What do you mean by including but not limited to?

It means that the things named are part of something larger, and the larger thing may also have other parts. For example, the alphabet includes, but is not limited to, the letters A through E, as well as J, K, and W. “Including but not limited to” is language typically found in contracts.

Which is or that is?

In a defining clause, use that. In non-defining clauses, use which. Remember, which is as disposable as a sandwich bag. If you can remove the clause without destroying the meaning of the sentence, the clause is nonessential and you can use which.

Do I need a comma in this sentence?

When an adverbial phrase begins a sentence, it’s often followed by a comma but it doesn’t have to be, especially if it’s short. As a rule of thumb, if the phrase is longer than about four words, use the comma.

When should use comma?

1. Commas (Eight Basic Uses)
2. USE A COMMA TO SEPARATE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES.
3. USE A COMMA AFTER AN INTRODUCTORY CLAUSE OR PHRASE.
4. USE A COMMA BETWEEN ALL ITEMS IN A SERIES.
5. USE COMMAS TO SET OFF NONRESTRICTIVE CLAUSES.
6. USE A COMMA TO SET OFF APPOSITIVES.
7. USE A COMMA TO INDICATE DIRECT ADDRESS.

Does a comma always come before ‘to include’?

Use a comma before including if the sentence would be complete without the part that follows. (The same rule applies to such as .) Dan Santow explains this in more detail in his Word Wise blog. Claire Caterer writes about using commas for greater effect in her blog, The LetterPress.

Is there a comma before or after In addition to?

Generally, the rule of thumb with all expressions such as “as well as,” “along with,” “in addition to,” etc., is to put commas around the expression only when it interrupts the subject of the sentence from the verb. Example: Jenny, as well as her sister, went to the beach.

Do you put comma before and in list of things?

When writing a list of items for an academic paper, place a comma between each item in the list, including before the word “and.” For example: “Germany annexed Austria, Poland, and the Netherlands.” The final comma before the “and” is called the serial comma. Both the Modern Language Association and the American Psychological Association require it.

When to not use commas?

Commas are not used if a part of a date is not present in a written sentence. Do not put a comma after the year if the day is missing. Also, don’t use a comma after the date if the year is missing. The general rule of thumb is that if any part of the date is missing, leave off the comma.