How are Bence Jones proteins detected?

Methods for detection of Bence Jone proteins include conventional high-resolution electrophoresis or capillary zone electrophoresis followed by confirmation through immunofixation electrophoresis (preferable) or immunoelectrophoresis.

What is the unique characteristic of Bence Jones protein?

Bence Jones proteins are sometimes heterogeneous in charge and are easily and reliably quantified by scanning the electrophoresis. Immunoelectrophoresis shows one or several contiguous narrow precipitating lines with the relevant anti-LC serum and no reactivity with anti-heavy chain sera.

What does a positive Bence Jones test mean?

Bence Jones proteins are not normally found in urine, so a positive test indicates that you probably have multiple myeloma. Other kinds of cancer may also be associated with a positive result. An abnormal test may indicate other types of cancer including lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and macroglobulinemia.

Which protein test does not detect Bence Jones?

Healthy urine does not contain Bence Jones protein, so its presence is an indication of a health problem. Other names for this test include urine protein electrophoresis (UPEP), urine immunofixation electrophoresis, or immunoassay for free light chains.

How to check for Bence Jones protein levels?

Or you may have urine protein electrophoresis (UPEP). This test checks the levels of proteins in the urine, including Bence-Jones proteins. This test does not require a 24-hour sample. It is done with a small sample of urine in a collection cup.

Can a urine test detect Bence Jones proteinuria?

Laboratory Tests for Bence-Jones Proteins. Bence-Jones proteins are not detectable via urine protein dipsticks. Detection of Bence-Jones proteinuria requires sophisticated tests such as urine protein electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis, and immunofixation electrophoresis.

Can a positive Bence Jones result be confirmed?

A positive Bence-Jones protein result on urine electrophoresis can be confirmed and further characterized by more sensitive and specific techniques such as immunoelectrophoresis and immunofixation electrophoresis.

How is Bence Jones protein linked to multiple myeloma?

The presence of Bence Jones protein in the urine, anemia, and increased M protein on serum protein electrophoresis point strongly to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Classic punched-out bone lesions in the skull and spine on plain radiographs are pathognomonic for the disease ( Figures 75-2 and 75-3).