What is Funic reduction?

Funic reduction. Another method that has been used to treat cord prolapse is funic reduction, replacement of the cord back into the uterus by sliding it above the fetal presenting part. This is performed by placing the entire hand in the vagina and gently elevating the fetal head.

What is the treatment for prolapsed cord?

Management and Treatment Umbilical cord prolapse is an acute obstetric emergency that requires immediate delivery of the baby. The route of delivery is usually by cesarean section. The doctor will relieve cord compression by manually elevating the fetal presentation part until cesarean section is performed.

What are emergent strategies for umbilical cord prolapse?

These measures include manual elevation of the fetal presenting part using two fingers or the whole hand through the vagina, the positioning of the patient in steep Trendelenburg, exaggerated Sim’s position13 or knee-chest position, filling the bladder with 500–700 cc or more of saline and the now out-of-favor method …

What is the biggest risk of a prolapse cord?

The main risk factors for cord prolapse include: Breech presentation – in a footling breech, the cord can easily slip between and past the fetal feet and into the pelvis. Unstable lie – this is where the presentation of the fetus changes between transverse/oblique/breech and back.

What is the best position for cord prolapse?

Repositioning of the mother to be in the knee-chest position or Trendelenburg position (head down with feet elevated), lying on left side is usually preferred. Filling of the bladder using a foley catheter can help elevate the presenting fetal part and lift it off the cord.

What factors increase the risk of cord prolapse?

Conclusion: Abnormal fetal presentation, multiparity, low birth weight, prematurity, polyhydramnios, and spontaneous rupture of membranes, in particular with high Bishop scores, are risk factors for umbilical cord prolapse.

Why is cord prolapse considered an emergency?

In an umbilical cord prolapse, the umbilical cord slips ahead of the fetus and moves into the cervical canal, vagina, or comes out of the birth canal before the baby (1). This is an obstetrical emergency because the cord is at high risk for compression, blocking oxygen and blood flow to the baby.

What causes a prolapsed cord?

Umbilical cord prolapse occurs when the cord drops through the open cervix into the vagina before your baby moves into the birth canal. When this happens, the cord is squeezed between your baby’s body and your pelvic bones. This reduces your baby’s blood supply, leading to loss of oxygen to your baby.

What is the standard reduction potential of Fe 3 +?

Draw and label a SHE. The standard reduction potential of Fe 3+ is +0.77V. What is its standard oxidation potential. Standard reduction potential measures the tendency for a given chemical species to be reduced. The standard oxidation potential measures the tendency for a given chemical species to be oxidized as opposed to be reduced.

How are reduction potentials relative to other electrodes?

Reduction potentials are relative and are reported relative to the reduction of protons in a standard hydrogen electrode (SHE). However, what would we see if we used some other sort of electrode for comparison?

How are reduction potentials reported in table P1?

Reduction potentials are relative and are reported relative to the reduction of protons in a standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) in Tables P1 and P2. However, what would we see if we used some other sort of electrode for comparison?

What is the standard pressure for a reduction potential?

Electrodes potentials vary with temperature and so a standard temperature is defined. THis is 298K. Altering the concentration of any ions appearing in the half reactions also affects the voltages, so a standard concentration of 1.00 mol dm -3 is chosen. Standard pressure is 10 5 Pa.